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Building a Medical Vocabulary > Ch. 7 > Flashcards

Ch. 7 Flashcards

Digestive system

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Vocab Builder flashcards USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Alimentary tract

A

Alternative name for GI system

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2
Q

Peristalsis

A

Coordinated, rhythmic muscular contractions

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3
Q

-stalsis

A

Referring to contraction

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4
Q

Alimentation

A

Process of providing nourishment for the body

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5
Q

DRI abbreviation and definition

A

Dietary reference intakes, the levels of daily intake of essential nutrients considered to meet nutritional needs

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6
Q

Amolysis, proteolysis, lipolysis

A

Breaking down of starch, protein, fat

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7
Q

Eupepsia

A

Normal digestion

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8
Q

Polydipsia

A

Excessive thirst

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9
Q

Bolus

A

Mass of chewed food

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10
Q

Chyme

A

Liquid mass of food broken down mechanically and chemically, moved into the small intestine

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11
Q

Stomat(o)

A

Pertaining to mouth

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12
Q

Sialaden(o)

A

Pertaining to salivary glands

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13
Q

Choledoch(o)

A

Pertaining to the common bile duct

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14
Q

Cholecyst(o)

A

Pertaining to gall bladder

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15
Q

Colic

A

Pertaining to the large intestine, also means spasm in any hollow or tubular soft organ accompanied by pain

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16
Q

Bucc(o)

A

Pertaining to cheek

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17
Q

Cheil(o)

A

Pertaining to lip

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18
Q

Gingiv(o)

A

Pertaining to gums

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19
Q

Pylor(o)

A

Pertaining to pylorus

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20
Q

Periodontal

A

Around the tooth

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21
Q

3 regions of the stomach

A

1) Cardiac regions
2) Fundus
3 Pylorus

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22
Q

Proct(o)

A

Pertaining to anus or rectum

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23
Q

Appendicular

A

Referring to appendage or vermiform appendix

24
Q

Retrocecal

A

Behind the cecum of the large intestine

25
Q

Chol(e) and Bil(i)

A

Pertains to bile or gall

26
Q

Esophagogastroscopy

A

Endoscopic examinaion of the esophagus and stomach using a gastroscope

27
Q

Cholangiography

A

Radiography of the major bile duct to demonstrate stones and tumors

28
Q

Sialography

A

Radiographic examination of the salivary glands after injection of radiopaque contrast medium

29
Q

LFT abbreviation

A

Liver function test, a series of exams that can be performed to evaluate function on the liver

30
Q

Hematochezia

A

Presence of blood in stool

31
Q

Occult blood

A

Blood not obvious in examination but detected by chemical test

32
Q

Emaciation

A

Excess leanness caused by disease or lack of nutrition

33
Q

Dysphagia

A

Difficulty to swallow

34
Q

Exogenous/endogenous obesity

A

Caused by greater caloric intake or from hormonal disorders

35
Q

Eructation

A

Belching

36
Q

Aphagia

A

Inability to swallow

37
Q

Stomatomycosis

A

Fungal condition of the mouth

38
Q

Glossopyrosis

A

Abnormal sensation of pain, burning, or stinging of tongue without apparent lesions or cause

39
Q

Halitosis

A

Presence of foul smelling breath

40
Q

Esophageal atresia

A

Congenital abnormality where an esophagus narrows that obstructs the passage of food to stomach

41
Q

GERD abbreviation

A

Gastroesophageal reflux disease

42
Q

Hiatal hernia

A

Protrusion of the stomach upward through a defect in the diaphragm

43
Q

Pertonitis

A

Inflammation of the peritoneum

44
Q

Fistula

A

Abnormal passage between internal organs or abnormal communications leading from internal organs to a body surface

45
Q

Fissure

A

Cleft or groove or crack lesion in the skin

46
Q

Intussusception

A

Telescopic folding back of the bowel into itself

47
Q

Cholestasis

A

Stoppage or suppression of bile flow

48
Q

Cholangitis

A

Inflammation of the bile duct

49
Q

Cholelithiasis

A

Presence of gallstones in the gallbladder

50
Q

Parenteral

A

Not through the alimentary tract but through some other route, typically via injection

51
Q

Bariatric

A

Focuses on treatment and control of obesity

52
Q

Esophagojejunostomy

A

Surgical anastamosis of the esophagus to the jejunum

53
Q

HAV/HBV/HCV etc. abbreviation

A

Hepatitis A virus, B, C

54
Q

HSV abbreviation

A

Herpes simplex virus

55
Q

TMJ abbreviation

A

Temporomandibular joint

Building a Medical Vocabulary (15 decks)

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