Ch. 11 Flashcards
Nervous system
2 types of nervous systems
1) Somatic (voluntary)
2) Autonomic (sympathetic and parasympathetic)
Dendr(o)
Pertaining to tree or dendrite
Gli(o)
Pertaining to neuroglia
Reflex arc
Conduction of nerve impulses in an automatic, involuntary response to some change either inside or outside the body
DTR abbreviation and definition
Deep tendon reflex - an assessment of a reflex arc to determine the functioning of the system
Myel(o)
Pertaining to the spinal cord, or bone marrow
2 parts of the diencephalon
Thalamus and hypothalamus
Intrathecal injection
An injection into the subarachnoid space for diffusion of contrast material throughout the spinal fluid
of pairs of spinal nerves that arise from the spinal cord
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Sciatica
Neuralgia along the course of the sciatic nerve
Glasgow coma scale
Standardized system for assessing the degree of conscious impairment in the critical ill and for predicting the duration and ultimate outcome of the coma
Stupor
Condition where a patient is being vaguely aware of environment
Coma
Condition where patient does not appear to be aware of environment
Encephalography
Radiography of brain by withdrawal and replacement of CSF by a gas, only used when CT and MRI are not definitive because of risks
PET Scan abbreviation and definition
Positron emission tomography, computerized nuclear medicine technique that uses radioactive substances to assess the function of various body structures particularly the brain
Superficial reflex
A reflex test evaluated by stimulation of the skin
-Asthenia
Pertaining to weakness
-Lexia
Pertaining to words or phrases
-Orexia
Pertaining to hunger
-Algesia, -Esthesia
Sensitivity to pain
Pseudoesthesia
False sensation in absence of appropriate stimulus
Contusion
Bruising
Encephalomyelopathy
Disease involving the brain and spinal cord
Carpoptosis
Wristdrop, in which nerve damage results in a hand remaining in flexed position at the wrist without the ability to be extended
Dysarthria
Difficult, poorly articulated speech
Epidural hematoma
Accumulation of blood in the epidural space, compressing the dura mater and the brain
Subdural hematoma
Accumulation of blood between the dura mater and the arachnoid, often result of arachnoid tear
Intracerebral hematoma
Bleeding within the brain itself, associated with cerebral tear, high mortality rate
TIA abbreviation and definition
Transient ischemic attack, caused by a brief interuption of cerebral blood flow
Bell palsy
Acute paralysis of a cranial nerve affecting one side of the face
Diplegia
Paralysis of similar parts on both sides of the body
Hemiplegia
Paralysis on one side of the body
Monoplegia
Paralysis on one limb
Quadriplegia
Paralysis of all 4 extremities
Cerebral palsy
Motor function disorder caused by permanent, nonprogressive brain defect present at birth
Huntington chorea
Hereditary disorder causing progressive mental status change leading to dimentia and rapid, jerky movements
Epilepsy
Group of neurologic disorders characterized by recurrent episodes of convulsive seizures, sensory disturbances, and loss of consciousness
Bradykinesia
Slow movement
ALS abbreviation and definition
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, atrophy of hands, forearms, and legs resulting in paralys sand death
MS abbreviation and definition
Progressive degenerative disease that affects the myelin sheath and conduction pathways of the CNS
Dementia
Confusion, disorientation, deterioration of memory and intellectual ability, several forms exist
Alzheimer disease
A subtype of dementia leading to confusion, memory failure, disorientation, and inability to carry out purposeful activities
Autism
Withdrawal and impaired development in social interaction and communication
Pseudomania
False or pretended mental disorder
Burr hole
Opening into the cranium with a drill to remove localized fluid or blood beneath the dura
Ventriculoperitoneal shunt
Creation of a passageway between a cerebral ventricle and the peritoneum for the draiing of CSF from the brain
Neuroraphy
Suturing of a nerve
Sympathectomy
Surgical procedure in which one or more sympathetic nerves are severed
TENS abbreviation and definition
Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation - pain control method by application of electric impulses to the nerve endings
Vagotomy
Severing of various branches of the vagus nerve to reduce the amount of acid secreted in the stomach
