Ch. 6 Flashcards
Respiratory system
Phren(o)
Pertaining to diaphragm or mind
Pneum(o)
Pertaining to lungs or air
Phas(o)
Pertaining to speech
Spir(o)
Pertaining to breath
Nasolacrimal duct
Tubular passage that carries tears from eyes to nasal cavity
Glottis
Vocal apparatus of the larynx, consists of the vocal folds and openings between them
Epiglottis
Lidlike structure composed of cartilage and covers the larynx during the swallowing of food
Interalveolar
Pertaining to the area between alveoli
Apical
Refers to the apex
Hillum
Refers to a depression in surface
Rhonchus
Abnormal sound consisting of continuous rumbling that clears upon coughing
Wheeze
A musical noise that sounds like a squeak
Crackle
Discontinuous bubbling noises during inspiration that are not cleared by coughing
Friction rub
Dry, grating sound, if heard over pleural area could indicate lung disease
Stridor
Abnormal high pitched musical sound caused by obstruction of trachea or larynx most often heard during inspiration
Arterial blood gas analysis (ABG)
Blood test that measures amount of O2, CO2, and pH in a blood sample collected from an aertery
Phlegm
Abnormally thick mucus secreted by the membranes of the respiratory passages
Sputum
Phlegm or other material coughed up from the lungs
Bronchography, bronchogram
Use of X rays after instillation of an opaque solution, the film obtained by the procedure
Pulmonary angiography
Radiology of the vessels of the lungs after injection of a contrast medium
Apnea
Absence of spontaneous breathing
2 main types of sleep apnea
1) Central sleep apnea - failure to stimulate from CNS
2) Obstructive sleep apnea - Collapes or obstruction of airway
Cheyne-Stokes respiration (CSR)
Abnormal pattern of respiration characterized by alternating periods of apnea and deep, rapid breathing
SOB abbreviation
Shortness of breath
Dyspnea
Difficult or labored breathing
Asphyxia
Condition caused by insufficient intake of oxygen due to extrinsic or intrinsic causes
Alkalosis
Pathogenic condition resulting from the accumulation of basic substances or from a loss of acid in the body, transient alkalosis can be caused by hyperventilation
Hypercapnia
Excess carbon dioxide in the blood
Orthopnea
Occurs when breathing is difficult except in an upright position
CAL abbreviation
Chronic airflow limitation
Phrenoplegia
Paralysis of the diaphragm
Phrenodynia
Pain in the diaphragm
Phrenoptosis
Prolapsed or downward placement of the diaphragm
Eupnea
Normal breathing
Rhinorrhea
Discharge from the nose
Rhinorrhagia/epistaxis
Profuse bleeding from the nose
Aphonia
Inability to produce normal speech sounds
Diptheria and pertussis
2 acute contagious respiratory diseases, both caused by specific pathogenic bacteria
Pertussis common name
Whooping cough
SARS abbreviation
Severe acute respiratory syndrome
Pigeon chest and funnel chest
Characterized by either a prominant sternal protrusion or an indentation of the lower sternum
Bronchiectasis
Abnormal condition of the bronchial tree characterized by irreversible dilation and destruction of the bronchial walls
Bronchospasm
Brings about acute bronchoconstriction that obstructs the respiratory airway, often results in asthma
Paroxysmal
Sudden recurrence or intensity of symptoms
Pyothorax
Pleural effusion containing pus in the pleural cavity
Pneumoconiosis
Any disease of the lung caused by chronic inhalation of dust in either occupational or environmental origin
Anthracosis
Chronic lung disease characterized by deposit of coal dust in lungs
COPD abbreviation
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Emphysema
Characterized by overinflation and destruction of alveolar walls, a type of COPD
Cystic fibrosis
Inherited disorder of exocrine glands leading to heavy secretion of thick mucus that clogs the bronchi and leads to cough and upper resiratory infections
URI abbreviation
Upper respiratory infection
Atelectasis
Abnormal condition characterized by a collapse of part of or all of a lung
Expectorate
Cough and spit out materials from lungs and air passages
Hemoptysis
Spitting of blood or blood stained sputnum
CPAP abbreviation
Continuous positive airway pressure
