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Building a Medical Vocabulary > Ch. 6 > Flashcards

Ch. 6 Flashcards

Respiratory system

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Vocab Builder flashcards USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Phren(o)

A

Pertaining to diaphragm or mind

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2
Q

Pneum(o)

A

Pertaining to lungs or air

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3
Q

Phas(o)

A

Pertaining to speech

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4
Q

Spir(o)

A

Pertaining to breath

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5
Q

Nasolacrimal duct

A

Tubular passage that carries tears from eyes to nasal cavity

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6
Q

Glottis

A

Vocal apparatus of the larynx, consists of the vocal folds and openings between them

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7
Q

Epiglottis

A

Lidlike structure composed of cartilage and covers the larynx during the swallowing of food

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8
Q

Interalveolar

A

Pertaining to the area between alveoli

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9
Q

Apical

A

Refers to the apex

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10
Q

Hillum

A

Refers to a depression in surface

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11
Q

Rhonchus

A

Abnormal sound consisting of continuous rumbling that clears upon coughing

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12
Q

Wheeze

A

A musical noise that sounds like a squeak

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13
Q

Crackle

A

Discontinuous bubbling noises during inspiration that are not cleared by coughing

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14
Q

Friction rub

A

Dry, grating sound, if heard over pleural area could indicate lung disease

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15
Q

Stridor

A

Abnormal high pitched musical sound caused by obstruction of trachea or larynx most often heard during inspiration

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16
Q

Arterial blood gas analysis (ABG)

A

Blood test that measures amount of O2, CO2, and pH in a blood sample collected from an aertery

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17
Q

Phlegm

A

Abnormally thick mucus secreted by the membranes of the respiratory passages

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18
Q

Sputum

A

Phlegm or other material coughed up from the lungs

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19
Q

Bronchography, bronchogram

A

Use of X rays after instillation of an opaque solution, the film obtained by the procedure

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20
Q

Pulmonary angiography

A

Radiology of the vessels of the lungs after injection of a contrast medium

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21
Q

Apnea

A

Absence of spontaneous breathing

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22
Q

2 main types of sleep apnea

A

1) Central sleep apnea - failure to stimulate from CNS

2) Obstructive sleep apnea - Collapes or obstruction of airway

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23
Q

Cheyne-Stokes respiration (CSR)

A

Abnormal pattern of respiration characterized by alternating periods of apnea and deep, rapid breathing

24
Q

SOB abbreviation

A

Shortness of breath

25
Q

Dyspnea

A

Difficult or labored breathing

26
Q

Asphyxia

A

Condition caused by insufficient intake of oxygen due to extrinsic or intrinsic causes

27
Q

Alkalosis

A

Pathogenic condition resulting from the accumulation of basic substances or from a loss of acid in the body, transient alkalosis can be caused by hyperventilation

28
Q

Hypercapnia

A

Excess carbon dioxide in the blood

29
Q

Orthopnea

A

Occurs when breathing is difficult except in an upright position

30
Q

CAL abbreviation

A

Chronic airflow limitation

31
Q

Phrenoplegia

A

Paralysis of the diaphragm

32
Q

Phrenodynia

A

Pain in the diaphragm

33
Q

Phrenoptosis

A

Prolapsed or downward placement of the diaphragm

34
Q

Eupnea

A

Normal breathing

35
Q

Rhinorrhea

A

Discharge from the nose

36
Q

Rhinorrhagia/epistaxis

A

Profuse bleeding from the nose

37
Q

Aphonia

A

Inability to produce normal speech sounds

38
Q

Diptheria and pertussis

A

2 acute contagious respiratory diseases, both caused by specific pathogenic bacteria

39
Q

Pertussis common name

A

Whooping cough

40
Q

SARS abbreviation

A

Severe acute respiratory syndrome

41
Q

Pigeon chest and funnel chest

A

Characterized by either a prominant sternal protrusion or an indentation of the lower sternum

42
Q

Bronchiectasis

A

Abnormal condition of the bronchial tree characterized by irreversible dilation and destruction of the bronchial walls

43
Q

Bronchospasm

A

Brings about acute bronchoconstriction that obstructs the respiratory airway, often results in asthma

44
Q

Paroxysmal

A

Sudden recurrence or intensity of symptoms

45
Q

Pyothorax

A

Pleural effusion containing pus in the pleural cavity

46
Q

Pneumoconiosis

A

Any disease of the lung caused by chronic inhalation of dust in either occupational or environmental origin

47
Q

Anthracosis

A

Chronic lung disease characterized by deposit of coal dust in lungs

48
Q

COPD abbreviation

A

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

49
Q

Emphysema

A

Characterized by overinflation and destruction of alveolar walls, a type of COPD

50
Q

Cystic fibrosis

A

Inherited disorder of exocrine glands leading to heavy secretion of thick mucus that clogs the bronchi and leads to cough and upper resiratory infections

51
Q

URI abbreviation

A

Upper respiratory infection

52
Q

Atelectasis

A

Abnormal condition characterized by a collapse of part of or all of a lung

53
Q

Expectorate

A

Cough and spit out materials from lungs and air passages

54
Q

Hemoptysis

A

Spitting of blood or blood stained sputnum

55
Q

CPAP abbreviation

A

Continuous positive airway pressure

Building a Medical Vocabulary (15 decks)

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