Ch. 7

Question 1

What are the 3 dimensions of Economic Anthropology?

Answer 1

Production

Distribution

Consumption

Question 2

The academic discipline that studies systems of production, distribution, and consumption, typically in the industrialized world

Answer 2

Economics

Question 3

A society’s regulation and control of such resources as land and water and their by-products

Answer 3

Allocation of resources

Question 4

The assignment of day-to-day tasks to the various members of society

Answer 4

Division of Labour

Question 5

The process whereby goods are obtained from the natural environment and altered to become consumable goods for society

Answer 5

Production

Question 6

The pattern a society uses to obtain it’s food

Answer 6

Subsistence strategy

Question 7

A form of subsistence that relies on animal, fish, and plant resources found in the natural environment

Answer 7

Foraging (hunting/gathering)

Question 8

Small-scale crop cultivation characterized by the use of simple technology and the absence of irrigation and fertilizer

Also known as the art or practice of garden cultivation and management.

Answer 8

Horticulture

Question 9

Clearing the land by manually cutting down natural growth, burning it, and planting in the burned area relatively short periods of cultivation are followed by longer fallow periods

Answer 9

Shifting Cultivation

Question 10

A food-strategy based on animal husbandry; found in regions of the world generally unsuited for agriculture

Answer 10

Pastoralism

Question 11

The seasonal movement of livestock between upland and lowland pastures

Answer 11

Transhumance

Question 12

The movement pattern of pastoralists involving the periodic migration of human populations in search of food or pasture for livestock

Answer 12

Nomadism

Question 13

A form of food production that requires intensive working of the land with plows and draft animals and the use of techniques of soil and water control

Answer 13

Intensive Agriculture

Question 14

The production of a single commodity on vast acreage.

Answer 14

Monoculture

Question 15

Food production that relies on technological sources of energy rather than human or animal energy

Answer 15

Industrial Agriculture

Question 16

A mode of distribution characterized by the exchange of goods and services of approximately equal value between parties

Answer 16

Reciprocity

Question 17

The practice of giving a gift without expecting a gift in return

Answer 17

Generalized Reciprocity

Question 18

The practice of giving a gift with the expectation that it will be reciprocated with a similar gift after a limited period of time

Answer 18

Balanced Reciprocity

Question 19

A form of economic exchange between individuals who try to take advantage of each other

Answer 19

Negative Reciprocity

Question 20

A mode of distribution in which goods and services are given by members of a group to a central authority, and then distributed back to the donors

Answer 20

Redistribution

Question 21

A distribution in which goods and services are bought and sold, and their value is determined by the principle of supply and demand

Answer 21

Market Exchange

Question 22

it was not until the _______, some 10,00 years ago, that human beings began producing food by horticulture or animal husbandry

Answer 22

Neolithic Revolution