Ch. 12 Flashcards
The belief that animals, plants, and inanimate objects are animated by spirits
Animism
The belief in multiple gods
Polytheism
The belief in a single all-powerful god
Monotheism
An impersonal and powerful supernatural force that can reside in people, animals, plants, and objects
Mana (associated with R.R. Marret)
The manipulation of nature using supernatural techniques to accomplish specific aims
Magic (associated with James George Frazer)
A set of behaviors using words, gestures, and objects, performed in a prescribed sequence and manner
Rituals
A mystical or spiritual relationship between an animal or plant and a group of people or a kinship group
Totemism
The aspect of such things as places, times, objects, and people that is beyond sensation that makes them special and thus worthy of great respect
Sacred
The utilitarian and secular world of work and routine experience
Profane
A ritual performed to remove uncleanliness before worship or coming in contact with something sacred
Purification Rituals
A system of beliefs, practices involving supernatural beings and forces that functions to provide meaning, peace of mind, and a sense of control over unexplainable phenomena
Religion
The intellectual and practical activity encompassing the systematic study of the structure and behaviour of the physical and natural world through observation and experiment.
Science
A religious or sacred story that explains how the world, people or some event, phenomenon, or practice came to be
Myth
A ritual that celebrates the transition of a person from one social status to another
Rite of Passage
Removal of old status
Seperation
What are the 3 phases of the Rite of Passage?
Seperation
Transition (also known as liminal phase)
Initiation
A highly complex religious organization in which full-time clergy are emplyed
Ecclesiastical Cult
The situation during the liminal phase of a rite of passage characterized by equality and fellowship
Communitas
What are the four types of religious organizations?
Individualistic
Shamanistic
Communal
Ecclesiastical
A society’s knowledge, beliefs, and perspective on the world
Worldview
A religious group that has it’s own beliefs. practices, and rituals
Cult
A duo-theistic, neo-pagan, nature-centred religion
Wicca
The blending of religions
Syncretism
A Melanesian revitalization movement characterized by rituals intended to bring material goods
Cargo Cults
