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Introduction to Anthropology > Ch. 12 > Flashcards

Ch. 12 Flashcards

1
Q

The belief that animals, plants, and inanimate objects are animated by spirits

A

Animism

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2
Q

The belief in multiple gods

A

Polytheism

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3
Q

The belief in a single all-powerful god

A

Monotheism

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4
Q

An impersonal and powerful supernatural force that can reside in people, animals, plants, and objects

A

Mana (associated with R.R. Marret)

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5
Q

The manipulation of nature using supernatural techniques to accomplish specific aims

A

Magic (associated with James George Frazer)

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6
Q

A set of behaviors using words, gestures, and objects, performed in a prescribed sequence and manner

A

Rituals

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7
Q

A mystical or spiritual relationship between an animal or plant and a group of people or a kinship group

A

Totemism

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8
Q

The aspect of such things as places, times, objects, and people that is beyond sensation that makes them special and thus worthy of great respect

A

Sacred

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9
Q

The utilitarian and secular world of work and routine experience

A

Profane

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10
Q

A ritual performed to remove uncleanliness before worship or coming in contact with something sacred

A

Purification Rituals

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11
Q

A system of beliefs, practices involving supernatural beings and forces that functions to provide meaning, peace of mind, and a sense of control over unexplainable phenomena

A

Religion

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12
Q

The intellectual and practical activity encompassing the systematic study of the structure and behaviour of the physical and natural world through observation and experiment.

A

Science

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13
Q

A religious or sacred story that explains how the world, people or some event, phenomenon, or practice came to be

A

Myth

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14
Q

A ritual that celebrates the transition of a person from one social status to another

A

Rite of Passage

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15
Q

Removal of old status

A

Seperation

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16
Q

What are the 3 phases of the Rite of Passage?

A

Seperation

Transition (also known as liminal phase)

Initiation

17
Q

A highly complex religious organization in which full-time clergy are emplyed

A

Ecclesiastical Cult

18
Q

The situation during the liminal phase of a rite of passage characterized by equality and fellowship

A

Communitas

19
Q

What are the four types of religious organizations?

A

Individualistic

Shamanistic

Communal

Ecclesiastical

20
Q

A society’s knowledge, beliefs, and perspective on the world

A

Worldview

21
Q

A religious group that has it’s own beliefs. practices, and rituals

A

Cult

22
Q

A duo-theistic, neo-pagan, nature-centred religion

A

Wicca

23
Q

The blending of religions

A

Syncretism

24
Q

A Melanesian revitalization movement characterized by rituals intended to bring material goods

A

Cargo Cults

Introduction to Anthropology (14 decks)

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