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Women's Health > Ch. 5 (Reproductive Health) > Flashcards

Ch. 5 (Reproductive Health) Flashcards

1
Q

T/F: Improvements in the ability to control reproduction (i.e. contraception) considered one of the top 10 great public health achievements of the 20th Century

A

true

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2
Q

Typical American woman spends ~___ years of adult life tending to pregnancy (trying, being, or postpartum) and more than __ ______ of adulthood trying to avoid pregnancy

A

3; 3 decades

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3
Q

Birth control is a ______ term than contraception.

A

broader

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4
Q

T/F: contraception is birth control, but not all birth control is contraception.

A

true

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5
Q

Any procedure that prevents the birth of a baby

A

Birth control

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6
Q

Any procedure used to prevent fertilization of the ovum

A

Contraception

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7
Q

Mandated coverage for contraception for federal employees via an act of Congress (1998)

A

Griswold v. Connecticut (1965)

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8
Q

types of contraception (6):

A
  • Fertility Awareness Methods (FAM)
  • Hormonal Methods
  • Barrier Methods
  • LARCs (Intrauterine Devices, IUDs)
  • Sterilization
  • “Emergency” contraception
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9
Q

type of contraception: “Free, no equipment necessary, but not reliable”

A

Fertility Awareness Methods (FAM)

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10
Q

types of FAM (3):

A
  • Calendar method
  • basal body temperature
  • Cervical mucus or ovulation method
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11
Q

type of FAM: Avoidance of intercourse during fertile time of month by calculating time of ovulation

A

Calendar method

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12
Q

type of FAM: Fertility cycle related to changes in basal body temperature

A

Basal body temperature

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13
Q

type of FAM: Fertility cycle related to variations in type of cervical mucus

A

Cervical mucus / Ovulation method

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14
Q

type of contraception: Most commonly used form of contraceptive; 99% effective; Suppresses a woman’s reproductive hormone cycle; Synthetic estrogen and progestin produce an artificial cycle

A

birth control pills

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15
Q

*Sperm viable for up to ____ days

A

5

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16
Q

*Eggs viable for ____ hours

A

24

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17
Q

oral contraceptives are used by______% of women aged 15–44 years

A

16%

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18
Q

Hormone Delivery Methods (3):

A
  • Depo-Provera
  • Contraceptive patch (Xulane)
  • NuvaRing
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19
Q

hormone delivery method: Injectable progestin every 3 months; suppresses ovulation

A

depo-provera

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20
Q

hormone delivery method: Patch worn on skin for 1-week intervals; fourth week is patch-free

A

Contraceptive patch (Xulane)

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21
Q

hormone delivery method: Flexible, plastic ring inserted into the upper vagina and worn for 3 weeks; removed during week of menstruation

A

NuvaRing

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22
Q

Barrier methods (3):

A
  • spermicide
  • diaphragm / cervical cap
  • condoms (female + male)
23
Q

barrier method: available as creams, foams, films, suppositories, or gels; inactivates sperm by breaking down the surface of the sperm cells on contact

A

spermicide

24
Q

barrier method: Dome-shaped latex cup sealing cervix

A

Diaphragm/ cervical cap

25
Q

barrier method: most commonly used barrier form of contraceptive in the United States

A

condom

26
Q

specific type of barrier method: Polyurethane sheath lining entire vagina and external genitals

A

female condom (internal condom)

27
Q

type of contraception: Small object inserted by clinician into a woman’s uterus; effectiveness is superior to that of pills, patch, or ring; less popular in U.S.; nonhormonal (copper) and hormonal – 3, 5, 7, 12 years

A

Long-Acting Reversible Contraception (LARC)/ Intrauterine Device (IUD)

28
Q

permanent methods of birth control =

A

sterilization

29
Q

female sterilization =

A

tubal ligation

30
Q

male sterilization =

A

vasectomy

31
Q

types of female sterilization/tubal ligation (3):

A
  • Laparoscopic sterilization-small
  • Minilaparotomy
  • Essure-coil blocked fallopian tubes-pulled
32
Q

type of female sterilization: small incision in abdomen, fallopian tubes cut or partly removed.

A

Laparoscopic sterilization

33
Q

type of female sterilization: after childbirth

A

Minilaparotomy

34
Q

type of female sterilization: tubes-pulled from market in 2018

A

Essure-coil blocked fallopian tubes

35
Q

vas deferens cut, cauterized, and tied preventing sperm from entering seminal fluid.

A

Vasectomy

36
Q

other forms of birth control (3):

A
  • abstinence
  • withdrawal
  • breastfeeding
37
Q

other form of birth control: high failure rate due to personal sacrifice; No penis-in-vagina intercourse

A

abstinence

38
Q

other form of birth control: high failure rate due to controversial pre-ejaculatory fluid; Coitus interruptus

A

withdrawal

39
Q

other form of birth control: Lactational amenorrhea method (LAM)

A

breastfeeding

40
Q

the chance that the average couple using a given birth control method will become pregnant in a given year.

A

failure rate

41
Q

Failure rates can be either for “_____ _____” (ideal conditions) or “_____ ______” (failure rate in the real world)

A

perfect use; actual use

42
Q

_________, _________, and ________ have the largest difference between perfect use and actual use rates.

A

Condoms, sponges, and diaphragms

43
Q

Stalls egg release or hampers sperm mobility; Used in the event of unprotected sex or contraceptive failure-not a medical abortion

A

Emergency Contraception (EC)

44
Q

Age restrictions were removed on generic pills similar to Plan B in _______.

A

2014

45
Q

T/F: Regular birth control pills may be used for EC.

A

true

46
Q

4 types of adoptions:

A
  • open
  • closed
  • private
  • public
47
Q

type of adoption: birth mother is included in the child’s life; up to adopted parents how much inclusion occurs

A

open

48
Q

type of adoption: all confidential; no identifiable info. of the biological mother to protect her

A

closed

49
Q

type of adoption: $$$; expensive; go through an attorney/agency

A

private

50
Q

type of adoption: DSS, foster care system; parents cannot care of the child; gov. might take child away from parent bc they are ”unfit” to raise the child; “pregnant? Need help?

A

public

51
Q

Unplanned pregnancies are NOT always ________ pregnancies.

A

unwanted

52
Q

women ages _____ to _____ have the highest rates of abortion

A

20 to 24

53
Q

_____ in _____ women who get an abortion already have one child.

A

6 in 10

Women's Health (8 decks)

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