Ch. 1 (intro to women's hlth) Flashcards
which event?
- Middle class white females/No more corsets!
- 1848 Women’s rights Convention-Seneca Falls, NY (landmark to making changes)
The Popular Health Movement (1830s - 1840s)
landmark to making changes in womens health
Women’s rights Convention-Seneca Falls, NY (1848)
which event?
- Clara Barton/Dorothea Dix: nurses given the opportunity to work
- Opportunity
The Civil War (1861 - 1865)
because of which two people were nurses given the opportunity to work?
Clara Barton + Dorothea Dix
which event?
- First training schools for nurses
- Women attending medical schools
The Women’s Medical Movement (1873 - 1890s)
was responsible for the opening of several medical schools for women in the mid-1800s
Elizabeth Blackwell
which event?
- Women gained the ability to vote (19th Amendment).
- Women did NOT gain equal rights (Equal Rights Amendment has yet to be passed)
- Birth control movement began: The first birth control clinic opened in 1916 in New York City, but clinics remained rare and birth control (even talking about it) was mostly illegal (For married couples with a script!)
The Progressive Era (1890s - 1920s)
why did women not gain equal rights during the progressive era?
14TH Amendment of 1866 is likely reason –– says everyone is equal so they said there was no need to specify women
The first birth control clinic opened in ______ in _____, but clinics remained rare and birth control (even talking about it) was mostly illegal.
1916; NYC
who could get birth control during the progressive era?
married couples with a script (Rx)
what event?
- Women entered the workforce during WWII, but often lost their jobs when the war ended.
- The Kinsey Report: Nearly 6000 women interviewed about their sexual behaviors. Conclusion: women have sex!
World War II, Postwar Years (1930s - 1950s)
report that interviewed nearly 6,000 women about their sexual behaviors and discovered that women have more sex than they thought (pre-marital, more often, etc.)
Kinsey Report
The number of women employed in the United States increased by ____% during World War II. Many of these women were forced to leave their jobs when the war ended.
50%
which event?
- FDA approval of birth control pill
- Civil Rights Act (Employment/schools)
- Title VII (Specific to employees)
- Congressional Caucus for Women’s Issues
The Grassroots Movement (1960s - 1970s)
the _________ Movement was more inclusive (other races + SES) than previous years.
Grassroots
Not a lot of _________ that was reliable before the Grassroots Era.
birth control
During what time period did women challenged the authorities on many issues regarding gender equality?
1960s and 1970s
Grassroots Movement (1960-1970s): act revolving around employment + schools
Civil Rights Act
Grassroots Movement (1960-1970s): act specific to employees
Title VII
what time period focused on changing Public Policy for women?
1980s
what organization was created to start changing public policy for women in the 1980s?
Office of Research on Women’s Health (ORWH)
what did the Women’s Health Equity Act do (2)?
- Money for health research: contraception, infertility, breast and ovarian cancer
- Medicaid coverage of Pap smear screening and mammography
what time period was Women’s Health at the Forefront?
1990s
what 4 components worked together to analyze and promote women’s health and well-being during the 1990s ?
- government
- healthcare institutions
- academia
- advocacy organizations
when were children finally included in clinical trials?
2000-2010
what era?
- Health insurance debate remerges, PPAC passes—after delays and compromises—and then faces a conservative backlash
- #MeToo movement-Allysa Milano’s viral tweet
2010s
The idea that women should have the same political, economic, and social rights and opportunities as men
feminism
First wave of feminists; Late 19th and early 20th century
suffragists and abolitionists
Second wave of feminism; 1960s and 1970s,
specific, often political injustices and inequalities
Third wave of feminism; 1980s and 1990s
examining all areas of society from a feminist perspective
Fourth wave of feminism:
Building on third wave, while slowly becoming more inclusive with regards to race, sexual orientation, and gender identity
oversees women’s health research within the National Institutes of Health (NIH)
Office of Research on Women’s Health (ORWH)
why is research on women’s health important (3)?
- Women get different diseases from men.
- The same diseases affect men and women differently.
- Social and cultural factors affect the health of men and women in different ways.
Investments in biomedical research and new technologies have led to what 4 things?
- Increased life expectancy
- Improved health throughout life span
- Decreased cost of illness
- Increased understanding of biological, psychological, and sociological factors
T/F: investment in biomedical research has led to massive improvements BUT other methods of improving women’s health and quality of life are underused and underfunded in the United States.
true
legalized abortions in most circumstances (overturned June, 2022)
Roe v. Wade
what year did Roe v. Wade legalize abortions?
1973
T/F: some states have since added laws restricting when and where abortions can take place, greatly limiting access
true
Foreign family planning agencies may not receive U.S. assistance if they provide certain services related to abortion.
Mexico City Policy/“Global Gag Rule”
Mexico City Policy/“Global Gag Rule” was REPEALED in _____
2009
Global threats to women’s health (5):
- Poverty
- Underweight and malnutrition
- HIV/AIDS
- Violence
- Maternal morbidity and mortality
Violation of human rights (5):
- Domestic and societal violence
- Female genital mutilation
- Honor killings
- Trafficking
- Barriers to reproductive health services
