Ch 5 pt 6

Question 1

ORGAN:

Answer 1

Two or more tissue types in same location
Work together to perform specific complex functions
E.g., stomach, contains all four tissue type

Question 2

Body membranes

Answer 2

epithelial layer bound to underlying CT

Question 3

Functions of body membranes

Answer 3

Line body cavities
Cover viscera
Cover body’s external surface

Question 4

four types of body membranes

Answer 4

Mucous
Serous
Cutaneous
Synovial

Question 5

Mucous membrane

Answer 5

Mucous membrane
Lines openings to external environment
digestive, respiratory, urinary, and reproductive tracts
absorptive, protective, and secretory functions
Formed from epithelium and underlying CT
CT component, lamina propria
Covered with a layer of mucus

Question 6

Serous membrane

Answer 6

Lines cavities that do not open to external environment
Simple squamous epithelium (mesothelium)

Question 7

Serous fluid

Answer 7

produces thin, water Derived from blood plasma
Reduces friction between opposing surfaces

Question 8

Cutaneous membrane = Skin

Answer 8

Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium and
Underlying CT
Covers external surface of body
Protects internal organs
Prevents water loss

Question 9

Synovial membrane

Answer 9

Lines some joints in body

Question 10

Synovial fluid

Answer 10

secreted by epithelium
Reduces friction among moving bone parts
Distributes nutrients to cartilage

Question 11

Hypertrophy

Answer 11

Increase in size of existing cells of a tissue

Question 12

Hyperplasia

Answer 12

Increase in number of cells of a tissue

Question 13

Atrophy

Answer 13

Decrease in cell number or size due to aging or disuse
E.g., bedridden individual
Skeletal muscle fibers become smaller. Reversible

Question 14

Necrosis

Answer 14

Tissue death and inflammatory response
Due to irreversible tissue damage
E.g., gangrene

Question 15

Metaplasia

Answer 15

Change of mature epithelium to a different form
May occur as epithelium adapts to environment
E.g., smokers
Normal pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium becomes nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium
Will revert back quickly if person quits smoking

Question 16

Dysplasia

Answer 16

Abnormal tissue development
May be precancerous, or revert back to normal
E.g., cervical dysplasia due to exposure to human papillomavirus

Question 17

Neoplasia

Answer 17

Tissue growth is out of control
Tumor of abnormal tissue develops

Question 18

Benign

Answer 18

Localized growth
Does not spread

Question 19

Malignant
Metastasizes

Answer 19

spreads and invades other tissues

Question 20

Cancer

Answer 20

Can interfere with normal functioning, leading to death

Question 21

All tissues change with aging

Answer 21

Proper nutrition, good health, normal circulation, infrequent wounds—all promote normal functioning
Support, maintenance, replacement of cells and extracellular matrix
Less efficient after middle age

Question 22

Structure and chemical composition of many tissues altered
Epithelia thins

Answer 22

Epithelia thins
CT loses pliability and resiliency
Collagen declines
Bones become brittle
Muscles atrophy