Ch 5 pt 2

Question 1

Simple Columnar Epithelium

Answer 1

Single layer of cells
Cells taller than they are wide; Tall, oval nucleus
Ideal for secretory and absorptive functions

Question 2

Nonciliated

Answer 2

contains microvilli for absorption
Fuzzy structure—brush border
Lines most of digestive tract from stomach to anal canal

Question 3

Ciliated

Answer 3

have cilia on apical surface
Move mucus along in bronchioles in lungs
Helps move oocyte in uterine tubes

Question 4

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium

Answer 4

Appears as multiple cell layers
“False” stratified
All cells in direct contact with basement membrane
Nuclei scattered at different distances
Not all cells reach apical surface

Question 5

Usually ciliated with goblet cells

Answer 5

to make mucus

Question 6

Located in large passageways of respiratory system

Answer 6

Trachea
Bronchi

Question 7

Stratified squamous epithelium

Answer 7

Multiple cell layers
Basal layers with cuboidal shape
Apical cells with squamous shape
Protects against abrasion and friction
Stem cells in basal layer continuously divide
Replace lost cells at surface
Exists in keratinized and nonkeratinized forms

Question 8

Stratified squamous epithelium keratinized

Answer 8

Superficial layers of dead cells
Cells lack nuclei, filled with keratin

Question 9

What do basal region cells have

Answer 9

have nuclei, migrate toward apical surface
Fill with keratin and die
Found in epidermis of skin

Question 10

Stratified squamous epithelium Nonkeratinized

Answer 10

All cells alive with microscopically visible cell nuclei
Kept moist with secretions (e.g., saliva, mucus)
Lack keratin
Lines
oral cavity
Pharynx
Esophagus
Anus
Vagina

Question 11

Stratified cuboidal epithelium

Answer 11

Two or more layers of cuboidal cells
Forms tubes and coverings
Protection and secretion
Forms walls of ducts in most exocrine glands
Sweat glands

Question 12

Stratified Columnar epithelium

Answer 12

Two or more layers of columnar cells
Protects and secretes
Rare; Found in
Large ducts of salivary glands
Some segments of male urethra

Question 13

Transitional epithelium

Answer 13

Limited to urinary tract
Allows for stretching as bladder fills
In relaxed state
Basal cells cuboidal; apical cells large and rounded
In stretched state
Apical cells flattened

Question 14

Glands

Answer 14

Located in Epithelial tissue
Individual cells or multicellular organs
Secrete substances used elsewhere or for elimination
Mucin (becomes mucus)
Electrolytes
Hormones
Enzymes
Urea (nitrogenous wast

Question 15

Endocrine glands (endo=within / inside)

Answer 15

Lack ducts
Secrete hormones into blood
Chemical messengers

Question 16

Exocrine glands (exo= outside)

Answer 16

Invaginated epithelium in connective tissue
Connected with epithelial surface by duct
Epithelium-lined tube for gland secretion
E.g., sweat glands, mammary glands, salivary glands

Question 17

Unicellular exocrine glands

Answer 17

Ductless; Located close to epithelium surface
Most common type is goblet cell which secretes mucus

Question 18

Multicellular exocrine glands

Answer 18

Numerous cells
Acini—cell clusters that produce secretions
Ducts transport secretions to epithelial surface

Question 19

Merocrine glands

Answer 19

Package secretions into vesicles
Release secretions by exocytosis
Examples: tears, saliva, some sweat glands (eccrine glands)

Question 20

Apocrine glands

Answer 20

Apical membrane pinches off and becomes secretion
Continue to produce new secretions in same manner
–Cell remains alive
Examples: breastmilk, earwax, some sweat glands