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Bio - 20 > CH 5: Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration > Flashcards

CH 5: Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Is Photosynthesis or Cellular Resperation Anabolic or Catabolic?

A
  • Photosynthesis - Anabolic
  • Cellular Resperation - Catabolic
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2
Q

What is the top layer of a plant to help prevent it from leaking moisture?

A

Cuticle

Can be waxy or hairy

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3
Q

what is right under the cuticle in a plant

A

upper epidermis

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4
Q

What is the layer of a plant with large rectangular cells and is right next to the upper epidermis?

A

Palisade layer

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5
Q

What layer of the plant is right next to the lower epidermis and contains the xylem and phloem?

A

Spongy Layer

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6
Q

What is a stoma?

A

An opening within the plant to let gasses in and out.

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7
Q

What are the cells right next to the stoma called?

A

Guard cells

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8
Q

What is the area with the stoma and the guard cells called?

A

Lower Epidermis

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9
Q

What does the xylem do?

A

Moves water only Up the plant

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10
Q

What does the Phloem do?

A

Moves sugars around the plant (up and down)

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11
Q

Define Anabolic. Is it endergonic or exergonic?

A

Synthesizes larger molecules from smaller ones.

Endergonic

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12
Q

Define Catabolic. Is it endergonic or exergonic?

A

Breaks down big molecules into smaller ones.

Exergonic

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13
Q

Define Endergonic.

A

Absorbs energy, creating a product with more energy than the reactants

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14
Q

Define Exergonic.

A

Releases energy, reactants had more stored energy than the products

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15
Q

Free/Avaliable energy allows us to…

A
  • Have very organized and ordered bodies
  • Grow
  • Reproduce
  • Mintain homeostasis
  • Have energy storage
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16
Q

Difference between Homeostasis and Ordered with energy

A

Homeostasis is maintaining internal temperature while ordered is maintaining the ability to function no matter what temperature it is.

Don’t have to know exact difference

17
Q

Define Metabolism.

A

How quickly the organism turns food into energy.

18
Q

What are two things that increase metabolism?

A

Eating certain foods and exercise

19
Q

What are two things that slow down metabolism?

A

Age and dehydration.

20
Q

Why do larger animals have slower metabolisms the smaller ones?

A

Smaller animals have a harder time maintaining a stable internal environment.

21
Q

What is Oxidation?

A

The loss of an electron.

22
Q

What is reduction?

A

The gain of an electron.

23
Q

Does a molecule gain or lose energy when it is oxidized? What about reduced?

A

Molecules lose energy when it is oxidized and gain energy when it is reduced.

24
Q

Why do objects show colours?

A

Objects appear to show colours because they selectively absorb certain wavelengths of light and reflect others..

25
Q

What does the Absorption Spectrum show?

A

This spectrum demonstrates which colors of light the plant’s pigments are capable of capturing and using for photosynthesis,

Baised on their pigments, dosen’t absorb green because plants are green.

26
Q

What does the Action Spectrum show?

A

It reveals which specific wavelengths or colors of light stimulate photosynthetic activity most effectively in a plant.

27
Q

What are the similarities between the Absorbtion and Action spectrum of a plant?

What does it show?

A

The action spectrum aligns with the absorption spectrum of chlorophyll, with peaks in the blue and red regions of the spectrum.

both show what wavelengths of light are most efficient in promoting photosynthesis in plants.

28
Q

Define a Pigment.

A

A material that changes the colour of reflected or transmitted light.

29
Q

What is Chromatography

A

The technique used to identify and separate mixtures.

30
Q

Where do cellular respiration and photosynthesis take place?

A

Mitochondria and Chlorophyll/Thylakoid respectfully.

31
Q

What should you say about algae and bacteria with wavelengths of light graph?

A

For certain wavelengths of light, more bacteria can grow because the algae can photosynthesize more.

32
Q

What is the formula for ATP production

A

ADP+Pi+free energy→ATP

33
Q

What is the formula for ADP?

A

ATP→ADP+Pi+ free energy

34
Q

what does ATP stand for?

A

Adenosine triphosphate

35
Q

Is oxygen reduced or oxidized in cellular respiration?

A

Reduced into carbon dioxide.

36
Q

How to find the RF value

A

How far is the pigment has traveled divided by how far the solvent has traveled

37
Q

What acts as the final electron acceptor in anaerobic processes

A

Sulfate, nitrate, or carbon dioxide.

38
Q

What is reduced in fermentation?

A

ADP

39
Q

What high energy molecules does plants use up in the Calvin benson cycle?

A

NADPH and ATP

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