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Bio - 20 > CH: 5 Cellular Respiration > Flashcards

CH: 5 Cellular Respiration Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What process is the most basic form of energy creation: (used by all organisms, but for bacteria, it is the main process for energy)

A

Glycolysis

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2
Q

What does Glycolysis need to get the process started?

A

It needs ATP to break glucose into 3 carbon molecules

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3
Q

What does Glycolysis create?

A

ADP (originally to break down carbons) but then creates ATP, NADH and pyruvate.

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4
Q

Where does Glycolysis Occur?

A

In the cytoplasm or cytosol.

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5
Q

What are the two terms for the space outside the mitochondrion?

A

Cytosol or Cytoplasm

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6
Q

What is anaerobic vs. aerobic?

A

anaerobic - dosen’t require oxygen
Aerobic - requires oxygen

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7
Q

Where is NADPH and NADH found?

A

NADPH - plants

NADH - Non-plants

P for PLANTS

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8
Q

Is glycolysis aerobic or anaerobic

A

Glycolysis is anaerobic

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9
Q

How many pyruvates does glycolysis make?

A

2

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10
Q

Where does Krebs cycle preparation occur?

A

It occurs from the cytosol(cytoplasm) on the way to the mitochondrion

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11
Q

What carries the pyruvate to the mitochondrion? (Kreb cycle prep)

A

The CoA enzyme.

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12
Q

what does Glycolysis do?

A

Breaks down the glucose into pyruvate creating some ADP & ATP and NADH in the process

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13
Q

What are the four steps in cellular respiration?

A
  1. Glycolysis
  2. Krebs cycle prep
  3. Krebs cycle
  4. Electron transport chain
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14
Q

What are the starting and ending molecules in Krebs cycle preparation?

A

Pyruvate and CoA enzyme and NAD+ become acetyl CoA, carbon dioxide, and NADH

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15
Q

What transfers the molecules from the cytosol to the mitochondrion?

A

CoA Enzyme

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16
Q

What does the CoA enzyme do other than transport the molecules?

A

Converts NAD+ to NADH and combines with pyruvate to produce acetyl CoA and carbon dioxide.

17
Q

How many times does the Krebs cycle prep have to happen in order to break down a glucose molecule?

A

Twice because of the two pyruvates glycolysis produces.

18
Q

What does the Krebs cycle do?

A

Breaks down the remaining acetyl CoA into carbon dioxide, ATP, NADH, and FADH2

19
Q

What is the first step of the Krebs cycle?

A

Acetyl CoA combines with a four-carbon molecule

20
Q

What do the two carbons in acetyl CoA become in the Krebs Cycle?

A

Carbon Dioxide

21
Q

what are Products from Krebs Cycle?

A

NADH, ATP, FADH2, CO2

22
Q

How many times does the Krebs cycle have to happen in order to break down a glucose molecule?

A

Twice because of the two acetyl CoA Krebs cycle prep produces.

23
Q

Where does the Krebs Cycle Occur?

A

In the Matrix inside of a Mitochondrion.

24
Q

What gas is created in the Krebs Cycle?

A

Carbon Dioxide

25
Q

Does cellular respiration oxidize or reduce glucose?

A

Oxidizes.

26
Q

What is the space inside the folds part of the mitochondrion called?

A

The matrix

27
Q

what is the wavey membrane in the mitochondrion called?

A

The inner membrane

28
Q

What are the mitochondrion folds called?

A

Cristae

29
Q

What is the outside membrane of the mitochondrion?

A

Outer membrane

30
Q

what is the final electron acceptor in cellular respiration?

A

Oxygen in the water molecule

31
Q

what is oxidized in the fermentation process

A

NADH

32
Q
A
33
Q

How much ATP does glycolysis produce

A

2 ATP

34
Q

How much NADH does the Krebs cycle produce? Does it produce the most amount of NADH

A

6

Yes

35
Q

How much ATP does cellular respiration produce

A

36 ATP

36
Q

What is lactate fermentation? What is the problem with it? How to solve it?

A

A process where lactate is created from pyruvate because of lack of oxygen

It builds up causing cramps.

Heavy breathing, drinking water

37
Q

Which fermentation process creates Co2?

A

Alcohol fermentation

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