CH 3: Ecosytems & Population Change Flashcards
Name from Largest to smallest ecosystems?
biosphere, biome, ecosystem, community, population, species
What is Taxonomy? Who created the practice?
The practice of classifying living things. Developed by Carolus Linnaeus.
Name from Largest to smallest in the order of classification.
Domain, kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
What is Binomial Nomenclature? What are the special rules for it?
The first name of the organism is the Genus, the second is the species.
The Genus is capitalized while species is not
The entire name is italicized
Ex: Genius species Homo sapien
What is the Domain Eukarya known for?
Being a Eukaryote (Membrane-bound organelles and a nucleus).
What is the Domain Bacteria/Archaea known for? What makes them different?
Are Prokaryotes (No nucleus or membrane-bound Organelles)
Bacteria live in a wide variety of environments and Archaea exists in extreme environments.
What are the 3 characteristics of Kingdom Archaea? Name three environments where they can be found.
- Single-celled organisms
- No Nucleus (procaryote)
- Can live in extreme environments (salt lakes, hot springs, hot vents)
What are the 3 characteristics of Kingdom Eubacteria? Name 2 examples and if they are very similar to each other or diverse.
- Single-celled organisms
- No Nucleaus
- Can exist in a wide variety of environments
E-coli & Samonila
Very Diverse kingdom
What are the 2 characteristics of Kingdom Protista? What can they be? Name 2 examples.
Protists have…
1. A nucleus
2. Can be multicellular & Unicellular
They can be Autotrophs, heterotrophs, and
decomposers
Algae & Giardia
What are the 6 characteristics of Kingdom Fungi? What can they be? Name 2 examples.
Fungus…
1. Have nucleus
2. Decomposers
3. Eat by releasing digestive enzymes onto food and then absorb it
4. No chloroplast
5. Unicellular or Multicellular
6. Sessile
mould, Yeast
What are the 5 characteristics of Kingdom Animalia? What can they be? Name 2 examples.
Animals…
1. Have nucleus (eukaryote)
2. Heterotrophs
3. Most are Motile
4. Multicellular
5. Have specialized cells
Insects, Reptiles
What are the 5 characteristics of Kingdom Plante? What can they be? Name 2 examples.
Plants…
1. Have a nucleus
2. Autotrophs
3. Most are sessile
4. Multicellular
5. Have specialized cells
Fern, pine tree
What is a Species?
A group of organisms that can interbreed and
produce fertile offspring.
Population
Is a group of individuals of the same species living in a specific area.
Community
All of the individuals in all of the interacting populations in a given area.
What is an Ecosystem?
Is a community of populations along with its abiotic factors that surround and affect it.
What is a Biome
A specific, or group of ecosystems in a specific region on Earth that has a particular combination of biotic and abiotic factors.
What characteristics make a biome? Do these factors increase or decrease biodiversity?
Humidity and Temperature, and an increase in both increase biodiversity
Why do we measure populations using quadrants?
For efficiency
Why does the Earth receive different levels of sunlight?
Because of the varying focus of the sun’s energy on a smaller or larger area.
The Equator receives rays perpendicular to the surface
Towards the poles, the sun’s rays spread solar energy over more surfaces.
because the areas of sunlight at the poles are more spread out, they are often colder
What is a niche? What happens when more than one organism is in a niche?
The role an organism has in its ecosystem, each organism needs its own niche or else it must compete
What are the six major biomes?
Rain forest, tundra, taiga, temperate deciduous forest, grasslands, Desert
what is an abiotic limiting factor?
non-living components coming into or suddenly changing the ecosystem and disturbing it
wind, sunlight, soil quality, heat, atmosphere, water,
What are biotic limiting factors?
living components coming into the ecosystem and disturbing it
