Ch. 5 - Extinction

Question 1

Extinction occurs when…

Answer 1

A behaviour that has been previously reinforced no longer results in the reinforcing consequences and, therefore, the behaviour stops occurring in the future.

Question 2

When can we say that a behaviour has gone extinct?

Answer 2

When a behaviour stops occurring because it is no longer being reinforced.

Question 3

What is an extinction burst?

Answer 3

An increase in frequency, duration or intensity of the unreinforced behaviour during the extinction process.

Question 4

When behaviours that do not typically occur may occur for a brief period when a behaviours is no longer reinforced it those new behaviours are called…

Answer 4

Novel behaviours

Question 5

Even after extinction of a behaviour has occurred, when it reoccurs that is known as…

Answer 5

Spontaneous recovery

Question 6

How do you extinguish a behaviour that has previously been positively reinforced?

Answer 6

Positive reinforcer is no longer delivered after the behaviour.

Question 7

How do you extinguish a behaviour that has previously been negatively reinforced?

Answer 7

Aversive stimulus is no longer removed after the behaviour.

Question 8

What are the factors that influence extinction?

Answer 8

Reinforcement schedule before extinction, occurrence of reinforcement after extinction and reinforcement of functionally-equivalent behaviours.

Question 9

List the effects of extinction procedures.

Answer 9

Target responses decreases, increase in response variability (extinction bursts), frustration + aggression, depression, regression (resurgence).

Question 10

When reoccurrence no longer spontaneous but rather renewal?

Answer 10

Extinguished behaviour occurs in situations where it was reinforced in the past.

Question 11

What do spontaneous recovery and and renewal show?

Answer 11

The original learning is still present, extinction is not forgetting. They still remember what the original response and outcome is.

Question 12

What traits make effective extinction?

Answer 12

Identify and remove reinforcer, consistent, may extinction trials, different contexts, provide reinforcement for alternative behaviours.

Question 13

What are some examples of resistance to extinction?

Answer 13

Intermittent (especially variable) reinforcement schedules, self-reinforcing behaviour.