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NAPLEX > Ch. 48 Dyslipidemia > Flashcards

Ch. 48 Dyslipidemia Flashcards

1
Q

What is the formula for calculating LDL?

A

TC-HDL-(TG/5)

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2
Q

Desirable non-HDL?

A

<130

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3
Q

Desirable LDL-C?

A

<100

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4
Q

Desirable HDL -C?

A

> 40 in men and >50 in women

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5
Q

Desirable triglycerides?

A

<150

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6
Q

At what range do we treat patients for TG?

A

> 500 b/c increased risk for pancreatitis

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7
Q

Which organization that focus on Dyslipidmia?

A

ACC/AHA and NLA

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8
Q

What are the 4 statin benefit groups?

A
  1. with clinical ASCVD
  2. primary elevation of LDL-C >190 mg/dL
  3. with diabetes and 40-75 y/o with LDL-C 70-189 mg/dL
  4. 40-75 y/o with LDL-C 70-189 mg/dL and 10-year ASCVD risk > 7.5%
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9
Q

What are considered high intensity statin and % reduction?

A
  1. Atorvastatin 40-80
  2. Rosuvastatin 20-40
    - 50%
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10
Q

What are considered moderate intensity statin and % reduction?

A
  1. atorvastatin 10-20
  2. rosuvastatin 5-10
  3. simvastatin 20-40
  4. pravastatin 40-80
  5. lovastatin 40
  6. fluvastatin XL 80
  7. pitavastatin 2-4 mg
    - 30-49%
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11
Q

What are considered low intensity statin and % reduction?

A
  1. simvastatin 10
  2. pravastatin 10-20
  3. lovastatin 20
  4. fluvastatin 20-40
  5. pitavastatin 1 mg
    - <30%
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12
Q

What is myopathy?

A

muscle weakness

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13
Q

What is myalgia?

A

muscle soreness

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14
Q

What is myositis?

A

muscle inflammation

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15
Q

Contraindication for statins?

A

active liver disease, pregnancy, breastfeeding, strong 3A4 inhibitors

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16
Q

MOA of statin?

A

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors preventing the conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonate

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17
Q

Which statins can be taken at any time of day?

A

crestor, lipitor, livalo, lescol XL, pravachol

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18
Q

Lipitor

A

Atorvastatin

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19
Q

Caduet

A

atorvastatin and amlodipine

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20
Q

Liptruzet

A

atorvastatin and ezetimibe

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21
Q

Lescol

A

fluvastatin

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22
Q

Mevacor, altoprev

A

lovastatin

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23
Q

Livalo

A

pitavastatin

24
Q

pravachol

A

pravastatin

25
Q

crestor

A

rosuvastatin

26
Q

zocor

A

simvastatin

27
Q

vytorin

A

simvastatin and ezetimibe

28
Q

Statin equivalent dose acronym

A

Pharmacist Rock At Saving Lives and Preventing Flu

29
Q

Statin toxicities? (HMG)

A

H - hepatotoxic
M- myalgia, myositis, rhabdomyolysis
G- glucose changes

30
Q

Which statin need to be taken at night?

A

simvastatin, lovastatin, fluvastatin

31
Q

MOA of ezetimibe?

A

inhibit absorption of cholesterol at the small intestine

32
Q

Zetia

A

ezetimibe

33
Q

MOA of welchol?

A

bile acid sequestrants by binding bile acid in the intestine

34
Q

Questran, Prevalite

A

cholestyramine

35
Q

Welchol

A

colesevelam

36
Q

Colestid

A

colestipol

37
Q

SE of bile acid sequestrants

A

constipation, bloating, hypertriglyceridmeia, cramping, gas

38
Q

Which bile acid sequestrants can be used in pregnancy?

A

welchol

39
Q

MOA of fibrates?

A

PPARalpha activator help with decrease TG

40
Q

Contraindications for fibrates?

A

sever liver and renal disease, gallbladder disease, nursing mothers

41
Q

Antara, Tricor, Fenoglide, Trilipix

A

fenofibrate, fenofibraic acid

42
Q

Lopid

A

gemfibrozil

43
Q

MOA of niacin

A

decrease rate of hepatic synthesis of VLDL

44
Q

Niacor

A

niacin IR - cause for flushing

45
Q

Niaspan, Sloniacin

A

niacin ER/CR - cause for hepatotoxicity

46
Q

MOA of fish oils

A

indicated to reduce TG>500

47
Q

Lovaza

A

Omega-3 acid ethyl esters (EPA and DHA)

48
Q

Vascepa

A

pure EPA

49
Q

Epanova

A

omega -3- carboxylic acids

50
Q

Omtryg

A

Omega-3 ethyl acids

51
Q

MOA of praluent and repatha?

A

PCSK9 inhibitors - inhibit binding of PCSK9 to LDL

52
Q

Praluent

A

alirocumab

53
Q

Repatha, pushtronex

A

evolocumab

54
Q

Juztapid

A

lomitapide

55
Q

MOA of lomitapide?

A

binds and inhibits microsomal TG transfer protein in ER.

56
Q

MOA of mipomersen?

A

oligonucleotide inhibitor of apoB-100 synthesis

57
Q

Kynamro

A

mipomersen

NAPLEX (13 decks)

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