Anticoagulation Flashcards

1
Q

Which drugs bind to AF?

A

UF, LMWH, fondaparinux

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2
Q

What does AT do?

A

inactivates thrombin and other proteases involved in blood clotting, including factor Xa LMWHs inhibit factor Xa more specifically

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3
Q

MOA of warfarin?

A

vitamin K antagonist

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4
Q

What factors are involved in clotting?

A

factors II, VII, IX, X

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5
Q

MOA of direct thrombin inhibitors?

A

block thrombin directly, decreasing amount of fibrin

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6
Q

What is the choice for HIT?

A

argatroban

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7
Q

What are factor Xa inhibitors?

A

apixaban, betrixaban, edoxaban, rivaroxaban

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8
Q

MOa of UFH

A

binds to AT which then inactivates thrombin (factor IIa) and factor Xa and prevent conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin

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9
Q

UFH prophylaxis of VTE?

A

5,000 units SC Q8-12H

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10
Q

UFH treatment of VTE?

A

80 units/kg IV bolus and then 18 units/kg/hr infusion

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11
Q

UFH treatment of ACS/STEMI

A

60 units/kg IV bolus and then 12 units/kg/hr

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12
Q

What is the antidote for UHF and LMWH?

A

protamine 1 mg per 100 units

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13
Q

LMWH prophylaxis of VTE?

A

30 mg SC Q12h or 40 mg daily

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14
Q

LMWH treatment of UA/NSTEMI?

A

1 mg/kg Q 12H or 1.5 mg/kg SC daily

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15
Q

LMWH treatment of STEMI?

A

30 mg IV bolus and 1 mg/kg SC

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16
Q

Which medications can increase bleeding risk with UFH and LMWH?

A

anticoagulants, antiplatelet, herbals, NSAIDs, SSRI, SNRI, thrombolytics

17
Q

What is HIT?

A

immune mediated IGG drug reaction that is associated with a high risk of venous and arterial thrombosis

18
Q

HIT can lead to?

A

further platelet activation and causes a release of PF 4 and other pro coagulant micro-particles (prothrombotic state)

19
Q

When does HIT usually start?

A

5-14 days and platelet drop 50%

20
Q

HIT treatment?

A

Stop all forms of heparin and LMWH and warfarin and admin vitamin K –> argatroban –> do not start warfarin until platelet have recovered to at least 150,000

21
Q

Bivallrudin is preferred in ?

A

urgent cardiac surgery or PCI

22
Q

MOA of fondaparinux?

A

injectable synthetic pentasaccharide that selectively inhibits factor Xa via antithrombin AT

23
Q

When to give apixaben 2.5 mg BID?

A

2 of the following: >80 yrs, <60 kg, SCr> 1.5

24
Q

Eliquis

A

apixaban

25
Q

the treatment dose for eliquis?

A

10 mg PO BId for 7 days and then 5 mg po BID

26
Q

Bevyxxa

A

betrixaban

27
Q

Savaysa

A

edoxaban

28
Q

when to not use edoxaban?

A

Crcl> 95 and use parenteral anticoagulation for 5-10 days

29
Q

Xarelto

A

rivaroxaban

30
Q

Arixtra

A

fondaparinux

31
Q

Pradaxa

A

dabigatran

32
Q

antidote of pradaxa

A

praxbind

33
Q

Angiomax

A

bivalirudin

34
Q

Iprivask

A

desirudin

35
Q

Coumadin, Jantoven

A

warfarin

36
Q

Praxbind

A

idarucizumab

37
Q

Meohyton

A

vitamin K