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SOC 1003 > Ch 4-6: Policing > Flashcards

Ch 4-6: Policing Flashcards

1
Q

Frankpledge System (1534)

A

System of law enforcement/policing where members of society were responsible for each other (tithing; shire reeve)

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2
Q

Colonial America (1700s)

A

Night watch, sheriffs, slave patrols (paddy rollers)

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3
Q

Paddy rollers (slave patrols)

A

Caught runaway slaves; brutal; slave often didn’t return alive

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4
Q

First police department in the US (1845)

A

New York Police Dept

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5
Q

First modern police force in the world (1829)

A

London Metropolitan Police

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6
Q

3 issues of developing police agencies in 1840s

A

Limited police authority, everything was under local control, and fragmented/shared responsibility between diff agencies

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7
Q

Political Era (1840-1920)

A

Had sheriffs (first policing title made) and US marshalls

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8
Q

Professional Model Era (1920-1970)

A

No politics related, well-trained, disciplined, and tight organization; focused on equal law enforcement and fighting crime; started using technology

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9
Q

Community Policing Era (1970-now)

A

Forming relationships within community; proactive problem solving; and organizational change (which doesn’t happen often)

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10
Q

3 most effective aspects of problem-oriented policing

A

Reducing crime in places w elevated risk, improving police efficiency, and solving more serious crime

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11
Q

State agency

A

Government that has jurisdiction over a whole state and its political subdivisions

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12
Q

Native American Tribal Police

A

Has jurisdiction only on reservations

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13
Q

Municipal agency

A

Has jurisdiction over town/city

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14
Q

Special Jurisdiction Agencies

A

Has jurisdiction over special borders (park rangers, campus police)

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15
Q

30x30 initiative

A

Goal to have 30% of PD be women by 2030

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16
Q

Black Shield Police Association

A

Aims to increase awareness of black and minority police officers (1946)

17
Q

First female officer of color

A

Georgia Ann Robison 1916

18
Q

Incident-driven policing

A

Calls made to police make top priority

19
Q

Differential response system

A

Assigns priority to certain cases over others

20
Q

CompStat

A

Police management system to keep track of productivity

21
Q

Reactive vs proactive cops

A

Cops are supposed to be reactive (respond to crime) not proactive (seeking crime)

22
Q

Clearance rate

A

% of crimes known to have been solved by arrest

23
Q

Preventative patrol

A

Cops walking around to control crime

24
Q

Directed patrol

A

Particular areas with more crimes has more officers

25
Q

Foot patrol

A

Officers on foot walking through neighborhoods

26
Q

Aggressive patrol

A

Zero tolerance policing (no discretion)

27
Q

Community patrol

A

Building relationships with community (holding events, dressing up as Santa, attending school events)

28
Q

Subculture

A

Beliefs, symbols, culture, values, attitudes, shared by members of a subgroup within a larger community

29
Q

Police subculture

A

Secrecy, solidarity, social isolation, and working personality

30
Q

Corruption

A

Violating law for own personal gain

31
Q

Who’s most subject to excessive use of force

A

Black Americans (12x more likely to be victims)

32
Q

International affairs unit

A

Returns fugitives, transfers ppl to serve sentences in their home country, and works with domestic partners and foreign counterparts

33
Q

Civilian review boards

A

Misconduct by local police forces may be independently investigated by representatives of the civilian population

34
Q

Civil liability lawsuits

A

Right as US citizens to sue others, even an officer but that’s often dismissed

35
Q

Qualified immunity

A

Legal protection granted to govt/police shielding them from civil rights lawsuits if the legal standards weren’t clear enough for the officer to know what they were doing was wrong

SOC 1003 (10 decks)

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