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SOC 1003 > Ch 10: Corrections > Flashcards

Ch 10: Corrections Flashcards

1
Q

Deterrence

A

Punishing the offender as a way to discourage further offending

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2
Q

General deterrence

A

Aiming to prevent crime by punishing offenders and making the public fear the consequences of crime

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3
Q

Specific deterrence

A

Aiming to prevent a particular offender from committing future crimes

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4
Q

Incapacitation

A

Removing offender from society to prevent them from committing future crimes

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5
Q

Selective incapacitation

A

Sentencing policy that aims to reduce crime by imprisoning repeat offenders for longer sentences

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6
Q

Rehabilitation

A

Providing offender w treatment to re-enter society as law-abiding, productive member

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7
Q

4 types of punishment

A

Incarceration, intermediate sanctions, probation, death penalty

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8
Q

Indeterminate sentence

A

Sentence that doesn’t have a set length of time, so the release date is uncertain; court sets min and max time

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9
Q

Determinate sentence

A

Firm sentence w specific period

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10
Q

Presumptive sentence

A

Legislature/commission sets min and max range of months or years for sentence and judges set length of the sentence within that range

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11
Q

Mandatory sentence

A

Law determined sentence

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12
Q

Good time

A

Time off sentence for good behavior

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13
Q

Gain/earned time

A

Time off sentence by doing programs or work

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14
Q

Truth in sentencing

A

One must serve the most of a sentence before being released on parole

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15
Q

Consecutive sentence

A

Sentence faced one one after another

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16
Q

Concurrent sentence

A

Multiple sentences served at the same time

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17
Q

Corrections pre 1800s

A

Mostly physical punishments

18
Q

Enlightenment years

A

1615-1815

19
Q

Philadelphia Society

A

Aim of correcting abuses in the city jail

20
Q

Walnut Street Prison

A

First US state penitentiary; had separate confinement; Philadelphia; 1790

21
Q

Eastern State Penitentiary

A

Overcrowding led to end of separate confinement; physical beatings; 1829

22
Q

Auburn Correctional Facility

A

Congregate system; contract labor system; NY; 1819

23
Q

Congregate system

A

Prisoners classified by their offenses, worked during the day for goods sold by the state, and slept in separate cells

24
Q

Contract labor system

A

Inmates were sold to do labor for private companies who made household items

25
Q

The 1800s South

A

Had lease system (worked in exchange for food/clothes) and every prisoner was black

26
Q

1870 National Prison Association reform meeting in Cincinnati

A

Indeterminate sentences instead of fixed sentences

27
Q

Elmira Reformation

A

First reformatory; used mark system

28
Q

Mark system

A

Points can be earned to reduce sentence

29
Q

Rehabilitation Model/Medical Model (1930-1970)

A

Trying to fix/rehabilitate people; over diagnosed criminogenic ppl

30
Q

Community Model (1970s)

A

Goal to avoid incarceration, hindered ppl from engaging in crime, promoted crime free lifestyle, probation > incarceration, short incarceration sentences

31
Q

Crime Control Model (1980-now)

A

Record high # of incarceration, all criminals off the street, “get tough on crime”, nothing for criminals to pass time (ex: tv)
(Starting to move out of this)

32
Q

5 levels of federal prisons

A

Minimum security, low security, medium security, high security, administrative security

33
Q

Anti Contract Law of 1877

A

Didn’t allow private ppl to cell people

34
Q

1873 Indiana Women’s Prison

A

First all women’s prison (women prisoners and guards)

35
Q

Minimum security

A

Unfenced dorm/camp style system made for nonviolent first time offenders

36
Q

Low security

A

Fenced dorm style system for nonviolent offenders

37
Q

Medium security

A

System for violent and sex offenses; in cells, mulitple fences, and armed perimeter guards

38
Q

High security

A

System for most violent offenders with cells, armed guard towers/patrols, multiple fences

39
Q

Administrative security

A

Special system for those unsuited to other facilities (medical institutions, escape-prones, admax, supermax)

40
Q

Types of state correction systems

A

Community correction and state prison system

SOC 1003 (10 decks)

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