ch. 4 Flashcards
consciousness
the awareness of the sensations, thoughts, and feelings being experienced at any given moment
waking consciousness
we are awake and aware
Stage 1 sleep
the state of transition between wakefulness and sleep
relatively rapid, low amp brain waves
Stage 2 sleep
deeper sleep than that of stage 1
slower, more reg waves
Stage 3 sleep
the deepest stage of sleep during which we are least responsive to outside stimulation
REM sleep (rapid eye movement)
quick, back and forth eye movements
increased HR, BP, breathing rate
dreaming more likely
REM rebound
REM deprives sleepers spend significantly more time in REM sleep than normal sleep sessions
explanations for sleep
conserve energy, restoration/replenishment, reverse learning, physical growth and brain development
adult recommended sleep
7-8 hours
effects of chronic sleep deprivation
immune system suppression, diminished productivity, depression
nightmares
frightening dreams
associated with negative experiences, worry
night terrors
sudden awakenings from non-REM sleep that are accompanied by extreme fear, panic, or anxiety
- produce agitation, can get back to sleep fairly quickly
unconscious wish fulfillment theory (Freud)
psychoanalytical explanation, dreams represent unconscious wishes the dreamer wants to fulfill
Dreams-for-survival theory
evolutionary explanation in which info relevant to daily survival is reconsidered and reprocessed
Activation-synthesis theory
neuroscience explanation, dreams are the result of random activation of various memories which are tied together in a logical story line
insomnia
difficulty sleeping
sleep apnea
difficulty breathing while sleeping
narcolepsy
uncontrollable sleeping for short periods while a person is awake
circadian rhythms
biological processes that occur regularly on approx 24 hr cycle
daydreams
fantasies that people construct while awake
meditation
a learned technique for refocusing attention that brings about an altered state of consciousness
psychoactive drugs
influence a person’s emotions, perceptions, and behaviors
stimulants
arousal effect on cns
amphetamines
meth, adderall, bath salts
cocaine
acts on dopamine
depressants
slow down nervous system
alcohol
most common depressant
binge drink 4-5 drinks
barbiturates
CNS depressant
rohypnol
date rape drug
narcotics
increase relaxation
relieve pain and anxiety
