CH. 4 Flashcards
Cellular Energy
ATP is cellular Energy in the form of ATP is required for metabolism
Movement
Cell division
Protein synthesis
Where cellular energy is made
Glucose, which is catabolized in 3 ways glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA or Krebs cycle), and finally oxidative phosphorylation—to produce ATP
Enzymes
Increase the probability of a chemical reaction
Connects to the substrate forming enzyme substrate complex
Complex lowers activation energy
Enzymes are substrate specific
Difference of aerobic cellular respiration and fermentation
In aerobic respiration, carbon dioxide, water, and energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is produced in the presence of oxygen.
Fermentation is the process of energy production in the absence of oxygen.
Glycolysis
what is going in and what is coming out
Is the splitting of 1-6 C glucose molecule into 2-3 pyruvate molecules
Does not require oxygen
Takes place in cytoplasm
Citric acid cycle
(Krebs cycle) extracts more energy from pyruvate
Reactions in the mitochondria, which all living cells produce energy in aerobic respiration
Oxidative Phosphorylation
Makes the most ATP molecules
The electron transport chain is composed of electron carriers called cytochromes
Coenzyme carriers NADH and FADH2 provide the electrons for oxidative phosphorylation
Metabolism
all the biochemical reactions taking place in an organism
Enzyme
catalyze all chemical reactions in cells
Enzymes are made of protein
Contain metal ion (cofactor)
An organic molecule (coenzyme)
Lower activation energy
Are reusable
Is highly specific
Have an active site
Are used in small amounts
Know about input output and location
Input- Input for the breakdown of 1 glucose molecule in glycolysis is 2 ATP and the
-output is 4 ATP, 2 NADH and 2 pyruvate molecules.
Location- glycolysis appears in the cytoplasm
