CH 39 Human Diseases caused by Bacteria Flashcards
The exotoxin produced by Corynebacterium diphtheriae
A. causes an inflammatory response.
B. causes the formation of a pseudomembrane on the respiratory mucosa.
C. may destroy cardiac and kidney tissue.
D. all of the choices
D. all of the choices
Diphtheria is treated with A. antitoxin and antibiotics. B. anti-inflammatory drugs and antibiotics. C. DPT vaccine. D. diuretic drugs and antibiotics.
A. antitoxin and antibiotics.
Legionella pneumophila may be found in A. soil and aquatic ecosystems. B. air-conditioning systems. C. shower stalls. D. all of the choices
D. all of the choices
When in the human body, Legionella pneumophila resides A. in alveolar macrophages. B. in alveoli. C. in the lower intestinal tract. D. in the meninges.
A. in alveolar macrophages.
Which of the following is not a major cause of meningitis cases in the United States? A. Neisseria meningitides B. Haemophilus influenzae C. Staphylococcus aureus D. Streptococcus pneumoniae
C. Staphylococcus aureus
Which of the following is an autoimmune disease? A. glomerulonephritis B. rheumatic fever C. scarlet fever D. scarlatina
B. rheumatic fever
In tuberculosis, when a caseous lesion calcifies, it is called a A. tubercle. B. Ghon complex. C. tuberculous cavity. D. all of the choices
B. Ghon complex.
Which of the following drug(s) is(are) used to treat tuberculosis? A. isoniazid B. ethambutol C. rifampin D. all of the choices
D. all of the choices
The causative agent of whooping cough is A. Bartonella henselae. B. Ehrlichia chaffeensis. C. Bordetella pertussis. D. Campylobacter jejuni.
C. Bordetella pertussis.
Which of the following is prevented by the DPT vaccine? A. diphtheria B. whooping cough C. tetanus D. all of the choices
D. all of the choices
Legionnaires’ disease is so named because
A. it caused a large epidemic among members of the French Foreign Legion.
B. it was first identified at a convention of the American Legion.
C. it was a common infection among foot soldiers.
D. none of the choices
B. it was first identified at a convention of the American Legion.
Pulmonary mycobacterial infections in AIDS patients is mostly likely to be caused by A. Mycobacterium avium complex. B. Mycobacterium tuberculosis. C. Mycobacterium bovis. D. Mycobacterium africanum.
A. Mycobacterium avium complex.
Diphtheria is an acute contagious disease caused by an exotoxin that
A. functions by inhibiting protein synthesis.
B. may cause destruction of cardiac, kidney and nerve tissues.
C. can be neutralized as a result of immunity produced by the DPT vaccine.
D. all of the choices
D. all of the choices
A sharp reduction in the incidence of Haemophilus influenzae serotype b infections is principally due to
A. the discovery of new antibiotics.
B. the development of an effective vaccine.
C. the elimination of the natural reservoir of H. influenzae.
D. improvements in sanitary conditions in meat processing plants.
B. the development of an effective vaccine.
Beta-hemolytic group A streptococci are responsible for A. rheumatic fever. B. necrotizing fasciitis. C. pharyngitis. D. all of the choices
D. all of the choices
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
A. does not cause pneumonia despite its name.
B. causes pneumonia more often than Streptococcus pneumoniae.
C. causes pneumonia only in conjunction with viral activity.
D. is one of the causes of atypical pneumonia
D. is one of the causes of atypical pneumonia.
The natural host(s) for Borrelia burgdorferi is (are) A. mosquitoes. B. birds. C. ticks. D. deer and field mice.
D. deer and field mice.
The causative agent of bubonic plague is A. Coxiella burnetii. B. Ehrlichia chaffeensis. C. Yersinia pestis. D. Kingella kingae.
C. Yersinia pestis.
Which of the following is caused by a member of the rickettsias? A. Rocky Mountain spotted fever B. Q-fever C. Typhoid fever D. all of the choices
A. Rocky Mountain spotted fever
The vector for Rocky Mountain spotted fever is the A. louse. B. flea. C. tick. D. mosquito.
C. tick.
Trachoma is transmitted by A. contact with inanimate objects. B. hand-to-hand contact. C. flies. D. all of the choices
D. all of the choices
Neisseria gonorrhoeae may sometimes cause A. ophthalmia neonatorum. B. nongonococcal urethritis. C. lymphogranuloma venereum. D. salpingitis.
A. ophthalmia neonatorum.
A disease caused by Chlamydia trachomatis is
A. dental caries.
B. trachoma.
C. gonococcal urethritis.
D. trachoma and nongonococcal urethritis.
D. trachoma and nongonococcal urethritis.
Helicobacter pylori is a principal causative agent of A. human ehrlichiosis. B. toxic shock syndrome. C. peptic ulcer disease. D. gastroenteritis.
C. peptic ulcer disease.
The pathogen most frequently involved in causing clostridial myonecrosis is A. Clostridium septicum. B. Clostridium perfringens. C. Clostridium tetani. D. Streptococcus pyogenes.
B. Clostridium perfringens.
Which stage of syphilis is characterized by a skin rash? A. primary B. secondary C. tertiary D. latent
B. secondary
Which of the following is important in the treatment of potential infections by Clostridium tetani?
A. proper care of wounds contaminated with soil.
B. prophylactic use of antitoxin.
C. administration of penicillin.
D. All of the choices are important in the treatment of potential infections by Clostridium tetani.
D. All of the choices are important in the treatment of potential infections by Clostridium tetani.
Diagnosis of syphilis is by way of
A. clinical history.
B. immunofluorescence examination of lesion fluids.
C. dark-field examination of lesion fluids.
D. all of the choices
D. all of the choices
Pathogenic staphylococci inhibit neutrophil chemotaxis, phagocytosis, and the action of vancomycin by the production of A. hemolysins. B. slime. C. leukocidins. D. a capsule
B. slime.
Staphylococci can be divided into pathogenic and relatively nonpathogenic strains based on whether or not they synthesize A. catalase. B. coagulase. C. leukocidins. D. a capsule.
B. coagulase.
Which of the following is not usually involved with the spread of staphylococci? A. sexual intercourse B. respiratory secretions C. hands D. inanimate objects
A. sexual intercourse
Staphylococcus epidermidis can be characterized by all of the following except that it
A. does not produce coagulase.
B. is not pigmented.
C. produces a yellow pigment.
D. can be associated with nosocomialinfections.
C. produces a yellow pigment.
Leprosy is caused by a microbe of the genus A. Chlamydia. B. Streptococcus. C. Staphylococcus. D. Mycobacterium.
D. Mycobacterium.
Gonorrhea, a sexually transmitted disease, is an acute infection of the mucous membranes of the A. genitourinary tract. B. conjunctiva. C. rectum. D. all of the choices
D. all of the choices
Pelvic inflammatory disease may result from infection with A. Staphylococcus epidermidis. B. Clostridium perfringens. C. Neisseria gonorrhoeae. D. Mycobacterium leprae.
C. Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
Treatment of gas gangrene may involve A. wound debridement. B. antitoxins. C. hyperbaric chambers. D. all of the choices
D. all of the choices
An acute infection and inflammation of the dermal layer of the skin is A. scarlet fever. B. cellulites. C. erysipelas. D. pharyngitis.
C. erysipelas.
A diffuse, spreading infection of subcutaneous skin tissue is A. erysipelas. B. cellulitis. C. rheumatic fever. D. glomerulonephritis.
B. cellulitis.
Which of the following does (do) not always require the presence of living bacteria? A. intoxications B. food poisoning C. bacterial diarrhea D. all of the choices
D. all of the choices
Cholera is very prevalent in all of the following areas except A. Asia. B. North America. C. Middle East. D. Africa.
B. North America.
Campylobacter jejuni is commonly found in the intestinal tract of A. chickens. B. turkeys. C. cattle. D. all of the choices
D. all of the choices
Campylobacter jejuni is transmitted to humans by all of the following except A. contaminated food and water. B. infected animals. C. insect vectors. D. anal-oral sexual activity.
C. insect vectors.
Which of the following is not involved in the transmission of salmonellosis? A. poultry B. eggs C. canned vegetables D. water
C. canned vegetables
Staphylococcal food poisoning is caused by the ingestion of improperly stored or cooked food in which \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ has grown. A. Staphylococcus epidermidis B. Staphylococcus aureus C. Staphylococcus pneumoniae D. all of the choices
B. Staphylococcus aureus
Humans acquire typhoid fever by
A. sexual activity.
B. mosquito bites.
C. inhalation of contaminated dust particles.
D. ingesting water or food contaminated with feces.
D. ingesting water or food contaminated with feces.
Bacillus anthracis strains can be separated into five categories based on
A. spore morphology.
B. serological assays for lipopolysaccharide variants.
C. a genetic assay that detect variable numbers of tandem repeats in various genes.
D. membrane lipid composition as measure by gas chromatography.
C. a genetic assay that detect variable numbers of tandem repeats in various genes.
Humans may contact psittacosis by A. handling infected birds. B. inhaling excreta of dried birds. C. consuming undercooked chicken. D. handling infected birds and inhaling excreta of dried birds
D. handling infected birds and inhaling excreta of dried birds
Ornithosis is caused by A. Chlamydophilia psittaci. B. Chlamydia trachomatis. C. Ureaplasma urealyticum. D. Mycoplasma hominis.
A. Chlamydophilia psittaci.
Q fever is apt to occur in epidemic form among A. farmers. B. slaughterhouse workers. C. veterinarians. D. all of the choices
B. slaughterhouse workers.
The disease anthrax is caused by a species belonging to which genus? A. Vibrio B. Kingella C. Ehrlichia D. Bacillus
D. Bacillus
In humans the most common type of anthrax disease is
A. cutaneous anthrax resulting from the introduction of spores into a break in the skin.
B. pulmonary anthrax from inhalation of spores attached to dust.
C. gastrointestinal anthrax resulting from consumption of undercooked food contaminated with spores.
D. tick borne anthrax resulting from direct introduction of vegetative Bacillus anthracis to the blood stream of a host.
A. cutaneous anthrax resulting from the introduction of spores into a break in the skin.
Francisella tularensis is transmitted to humans by A. biting arthropods. B. direct contact with infected tissue. C. inhalation of aerosols. D. all of the choices.
D. all of the choices.
The disease caused by Streptococcus mutans is A. trachoma. B. dental decay or caries. C. plague. D. atypical pneumonia.
B. dental decay or caries.
