Ch 36 Obstetric and Gynecologic Emergencies Flashcards
Soft tissues that protect the entrance to the vagina
Labia
The surface area between the vagina and anus
Perineum
Soft tissue that covers the pubic sympysis; area where hair grows upon reaching puberty
Mons pubis
The birth canal
Vagina
The female reproductive organ that produces ova
Ovary
The narrow tube that connects the ovary to the uterus
Fallopian tube (aka oviduct)
The muscular abdominal organ where the fetus develops
Uterus
The lower neck of the uterus at the entrance to the birth canal
Cervix
The phase of the female reproductive cycle in which an ovum is released from the ovary
Ovulation
The baby from fertilization to eight weeks of development
Embryo
The baby from eight weeks of development to birth
Fetus
The organ of pregnancy where exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and wastes occurs between a mother and fetus
Placenta
The fetal structure connecting the blood vessels that carry blood to and from the placenta
Umbilical cord
The “bag of water” that surrounds the developing fetus
Amniotic sac
Dizziness and a drop in blood pressure caused when the mother is in a supine position and the weight of the uterus, fetus, placenta, and amniotic fluid compress the inferior vena cava, reducing return of blood to the heart and cardiac output
Supine hypotensive syndrome
The three stages of the delivery of a baby that begin with the contractions of the uterus and end with the expulsion of the placenta
Labor
The placenta, membranes of the amniotic sac, part of the umbilical cord, and some tissues from the lining of the uterus that are delivered after the birth of the baby
Afterbirth
Irregular prelabor contractions of the uterus
Braxton-Hicks contractions
The sensation of the fetus moving from high in the abdomen to low in the birth canal
Lightening
Amniotic fluid that is greenish- or brownish-yellow rather than clear, as a result of fetal defecation; an indication of possible maternal or fetal distress during labor
Meconium staining
The point during childbirth when part of the baby is visible through the vaginal opening
Crowning
Normal birth presentation, where the baby’s head appears first
Cephalic presentation
A newly born infant or an infant less than 1 month old
Neonate
When the baby’s buttocks or both legs appear first during birth
Breech presentation
When an infant’s limb protrudes from the vagina before the appearance of any other body part
Limb presentation
When the umbilical cord presents first and is squeezed between the vaginal wall and the baby’s head
Prolapsed umbilical cord
When more than one baby is born during a single delivery
Multiple birth
Any newborn weighing less than 5.5 pounds (2.5 kg) at birth or born before the 37th week of pregngancy
Premature infant
A condition in which the placenta is formed in an abnormal location (low in the uterus and close to or over the cervical opening) that will not allow for a normal delivery of the fetus; a cause of excessing prebirth bleeding
Placenta previa
A condition in which the placenta separates from the uterine wall; a cause of prebirth bleeding
Abruptio placentae
When implantation of the fertilized egg is not in the body of the uterus, occurring instead in the fallopian tube, cervix, or abdominopelvic cavity
Ectopic pregnancy
A severe complication of pregnancy that produces seizures and is very dangerous to the infant and mother
Eclampsia
A complication of pregnancy in which the woman retains large amounts of fluid and has hypertension, and which may progress to eclampsia
Preeclampsia
Spontaneous (miscarriage) or induced termination of pregnancy
Abortion
When the fetus and placenta deliver before the 20th week of pregnancy
Spontaneous abortion
A common name for spontaneous abortion
Miscarriage
Expulsion of a fetus as a result of deliberate actions taken to terminate the pregnancy
Induced abortion
Born dead
Stillborn
