Ch 32 Musculoskeletal Trauma Flashcards
The portions of the skeleton that include the clavicles, scapulae, arms, wrists, and hands, and the pelvis, thighs, legs, ankles, and feet
Extremities
Hard but flexible living structures that provide support for the body and protection to vital organs
Bones
Places where bones articulate, or meet
Joints
Tissues or fibers that cause movement of body parts and organs
Muscles
Tough tissue that covers the joint ends of bones and helps to form certain body parts, such as the ear
Cartilage
Tissues that connect muscle to bone
Tendons
Tissues that connect bone to bone
Ligaments
A splint that applies constant pull along the length of a lower extremity to help stabilize the fractured bone and to reduce muscle spasm in the limb, used primarily on femoral shaft fractures
Traction splint
Any break in a bone
Fracture
A fracture in which the bone is broken in several places
Comminuted fracture
An incomplete fracture
Greenstick fracture
A fracture in which the broken bone segments are at an angle to each other
Angulated fracture
The disruption or “coming apart” of a joint
Dislocation
The stretching and tearing of ligaments
Sprain
Muscle injury resulting from overstretching or overexertion of the muscle
Strain
An injury to an extremity with no associated opening in the skin
Closed extremity injury
An extremity injury in which the skin has been broken or torn through from the inside by an injured bone, or from the outside by something that has caused a penetrating wound with associated injury to the bone
Open extremity injury
Injury caused when tissues such as blood vessels and nerves are constricted within a space, as from swelling or from a tight dressing or cast
Compartment syndrome
A grating sensation or sound made when fractured bone ends rub together
Crepitus
The process of applying tension to straighten and realign a fractured limb before splinting
Manual traction (aka tension)
