Ch 33

Question 1

What is respiration?

Answer 1

the process by which organisms take in O2 and release CO2 ; causes cellular respiration

Question 2

What is the mechanism that is used to transport oxygen and carbon dioxide across membranes?

Answer 2

Diffusion

Question 3

What are the specialized structures of insects? What are the openings in the exoskeleton?

Answer 3

• Tracheae

- Spiricles

Question 4

What is the pathway that air follows in the human respiratory system? How doe gas exchange take place?

Answer 4

-Nasal & Oral Cavity

-

Question 5

How does Oxygen and carbon dioxide get transported?

Answer 5

by hemoglobin dissolve in plasma

Question 6

What are the reactants and products of cellular respiration?

Answer 6

H20+glucose+O2 > CO2+ATP+H2O

Question 7

What organisms lack specialized respiratory surfaces?

Answer 7

flatworms (platyhelmithes)
sea jellies (cnidaria)
earthworm (annelida)
sponges (profera)

Question 8

What are the specialized structures for respiration on fish?

Answer 8

Gills

Question 9

What organisms present lungs? What organism has the most efficient lungs and why?

Answer 9

Spiders- book lungs

Tadpoles, bullfrogs, reptiles, birds, humans

Question 10

What are the steps of respiration?

Answer 10

Inhaling and exhaling O2 >CO2

Question 11

How does cigarette smoke affect cilia?

Answer 11

It paralyses it until it withers away

Question 12

Voice sounds are produced by the _____.

- trachea
- diaphragm
- bronchioles
- larynx
- lungs

Answer 12

larynx

Question 13

The primary functions of the _____ are to warm, filter, and humidify air.

- lungs
- trachea
- bronchus
- nasal cavity
- alveoli

Answer 13

nasal cavity

Question 14

Most carbon dioxide is carried from the body tissues to the lungs _____.

- as bicarbonate ions (HCO3 -)
- combined with hemoglobin
- by the trachea
- as hydrogen ions (H+)
- dissolved in blood plasma

Answer 14

as bicarbonate ions (HCO3 -)

Question 15

By picking up hydrogen ions, hemoglobin prevents the blood from becoming too _____.

- acidic
- basic
- thick
- low in oxygen concentration
- red

Answer 15

acidic

Question 16

In the blood most of the oxygen that will be used in cellular respiration is carried from the lungs to the body tissues _____.

- as bicarbonate ions (HCO3 -)
- combined with hemoglobin
- by the trachea
- water (H2O)
- dissolved in blood plasma

Answer 16

combined with hemoglobin

Question 17

If a respiratory surface dries out, gas exchange will

- decrease for oxygen but increase for carbon dioxide.
- decrease for carbon dioxide but increase for oxygen.
- stop.
- not be affected.
- increase.

Answer 17

stop.

Question 18

The movement of a large amount of air from the atmosphere to a respiratory surface is an example of

- osmosis.
- facilitated diffusion.
- active transport.
- bulk flow.
- diffusion.

Answer 18

bulk flow.

Question 19

The respiratory center is located in the

- midbrain.
- cortex.
- spinal cord.
- medulla.
- hypothalamus.

Answer 19

medulla.

Question 20

What happens during countercurrent exchange?

- Plasma is removed from blood, leaving only the solid red blood cells.
- There is a transfer of heat or solute from fluids flowing in the same direction.
- There is a transfer of heat or solute from fluids flowing in opposite directions

Answer 20

There is a transfer of heat or solute from fluids flowing in opposite directions