Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Bio 2 > Ch 23 > Flashcards

Ch 23 Flashcards

1
Q

Flatworms have bunches of nerve cells that act as a simple brain. The bunches of nerve cells are called____

  • nuclei
  • hemocoels
  • ganglia
  • nerve bundles
A

ganglia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Shedding an old, small exoskeleton to allow a larger on to grow is called____

  • peeling
  • molting
  • flaking
  • grafting
A

molting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which of the following is NOT associated with sponges?

  • epithelial cells
  • connective tissue
  • oscula
  • collar cells
  • active larvae
A

connective tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which of the following distinguishes animals from fungi?

  • animals are multicellular
  • animals are heterotrophs
  • animals cells lack a cell wall
  • animal cells are eukaryotic
A

animals cells lack a cell wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How many planes through the central axis will divide an organism with bilateral symmetry into roughly equal halves?

  • one
  • two
  • many
A

one

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Among animals with a fixed body shape, those that are elongated, such as earthworms or scorpions, have which type of symmetry?

  • none
  • bilateral symmetry
  • anterior
  • radial symmetry
  • ventral
A

bilateral symmetry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Animals that have concentrations of sensory organs ( or even brains) in a well- defined head are a result of the evolution process called ____

  • cephalization
  • fruition
  • progression
  • succession
A

cephalization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Species of which of the following animal phyla are deuterostomes?

  • annelida
  • arthropoda
  • chordata
  • echinodermata
  • both the third and fourth answers are correct
A

both the third and fourth answers are correct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of most animals?

  • heterotrophism
  • capable of movement at some point in the life cycle
  • delayed response to external stimuli
  • sexual reproduction
A

delayed response to external stimuli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Echinoderms are _____.

- deuterostomes
- parazoans
- protostomes
- radiata
- acoelomates
A

deuterostomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Molluscs are _____.

- protostomes
- acoelomates
- parazoans
- deuterostomes
- radiata
A

protostomes-

The body cavity of mollusks is formed by the splitting of masses of mesoderm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Why are annelids, arthropods, and mollusks placed in the same clade?

- They are diploblastic.
- They are cuticle molted.
- They are protostomes.
- They are deuterostomes.
A

They are protostomes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Roundworms are classified in the phylum _____.

- Cnidaria
- Nematoda
- Arthropoda
- Porifera
- Annelida
A

Nematoda

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

At the phylum level, you are most closely related to a(n) _____.

- clam
- sea star
- earthworm
- jelly
- planarian
A

sea star-

The phylum most closely related to the Chordata (the phylum that includes humans) is the Echinodermata (the phylum that includes sea stars).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

A _____ is a body cavity that is not completely surrounded by mesoderm-derived tissue

A

pseudocoelom

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

___ is the concentration of sensory organs and nervous tissue in a defined head region of the body

A

Cephalization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Bilaterally symmetrical animals have three tissue layers that arise during embryonic development: an inner layer of ____, an outer layer of ____, and a layer of _____ that lies in between

A

endoderm
ectoderm
mesoderm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

During their development, insects undergo ______, a radical change from a juvenile body form to an adult body form

A

metamorphosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

A _____ is a fluid-filled cavity completely lined with a thin layer of tissue that develops from the mesoderm. It separates the body wall from the inner organs.

A

coelom

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

In organisms with an open circulatory system, blood empties into the ___ where it bathes the internals organs directly.

A

hemocoel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

The only animals that lack tissues are

- chytrids.
- cnidarians.
- chordates.
- nematodes.
- sponges.
A

Sponges

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Your job is to classify a newly discovered animal species. Your initial studies reveal that your specimen has tissues but lacks organs; has no head, body cavity, or segmentation; and has radial symmetry. To what phylum does this animal belong?

- Cnidaria
- Porifera
- Platyhelminthes
- Annelida
- Mollusca
A

Cnidaria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

One trend in the evolution of animals is the increase in the number of tissue (germ) layers during embryonic development. Flatworms and more complex animals have ________ layers.

- three
- four
- five
- six
- two
A

three

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Organisms that are radially symmetrical have ________ embryonic germ layers.

- six
- two
- three
- four
- five
A

two

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
A jointed exoskeleton is a characteristic of ________.
arthropods
26
The only invertebrates capable of flight are arachnids. True or False?
False
27
Sea stars (starfish) are bilaterally symmetrical at one time in their life cycle. True or False?
True
28
The common ancestor of sponges and other animals was probably - unicellular. - multicellular without tissues. - multicellular with tissues but without organ systems. - multicellular with tissues and many organ systems. - multicellular with tissues and a few organ systems
multicellular with tissues but without organ systems.
29
All animals with tissues have - two germ layers. - bilateral symmetry. - three germ layers. - radial symmetry. - symmetrical bodies.
symmetrical bodies.
30
The major difference between protostomes and deuterostomes is the - way the body cavity forms. - presence or absence of cephalization. - type of body symmetry. - presence or absence of tissues. - presence or absence of a coelom.
way the body cavity forms.
31
Giant squids are classified as - echinoderms. - arthropods. - chordates. - platyhelminthes. - mollusks.
mollusks.
32
Which cnidarian is the basis of an undersea habitat? - Jellyfish - Coral - Hydra - Sea cucumber - Anemone
Coral
33
Which invertebrate animal group is characterized by having a closed circulatory system? - Echinodermata - Arthropoda - Annelida - Nematoda - Platyhelminthes
Annelida
34
The low energy demands of nematodes allow them to survive without a - skeleton. - reproductive system. - tubular gut. - respiratory system. - body cavity.
respiratory system.
35
Which of the following phyla contains animals that reproduce asexually? - Annelida - Nematoda - Cnidaria - Platyhelminthes - Mollusca
Cnidaria
36
For corals, which of the following is necessary to maintain genetic diversity? - both asexual and sexual reproduction - neither asexual nor sexual reproduction - sexual reproduction - asexual reproduction
sexual reproduction
37
What are the key characteristics of animals?
``` 1- Multicellular 2- Heterotroph 3- Most reproduce sexually 4- Lack cell wall 5- Motile 6- Respond quick to stimuli ```
38
What characteristics make animals them different from fungus; from plants?
Fungus: cell walls, non-motile Plants: autotrophic, non-motile
39
What are the anatomical features that mark branch points on the animal evolutionary tree?
1- Tissues 2- Body symmetry 3- Type of development of embryo: Protostome or Deuterstome
40
Differentiate between radial and bilateral symmetry.
1- make mouth first (anus is same hole) | 2- make anus first
41
What is cephalization?
Concentration of sensory organs and a brain in well-defined posterior
42
What are functions associated with a body cavity?
1- Act as a skeleton 2- Protective buffer between internal organs & the outside world 3- Allows organs to move independently of the body wall
43
What are the mayor animal phyla?
``` 1- Porfiera : sponges 2- Cnidaria: sea jelly, corals 3- Platyhelminthes: flatworms 4- Annelida: segmented worms 5- Mollusca: clams, snails, squid 6- Arthropoda: insects, crustaceans 7- Nematoda: roundworm 8- Echinodermata: sea stars, sea cucumbers 9- Chordata: sea squirts ```
44
What are some characteristics of sponges?
1- Asymmetrical body plan 2- Lack true tissue and organs 3- Body perforated by tiny pore cells 4- Reproduce by butting
45
What are spicules?
Internal skeleton made of calcium carbonate, silica, or protein
46
What is an osculum?
Large openings in sponge where water exits
47
Mention some type of cnidarians
Jellyfish sea ameboa coral hydrozoans
48
Which organisms have a digestive system with a single opening?
Cnidarians, Platyhelminthes,
49
What is the excretory structure in annelid worms?
Nephridia
50
What is an open circulatory system? What organisms have it?
Blood is not confined to heart and blood vessels; | Mollusks & Anthropods
51
What is a closed circulatory system? What organisms have it?
distributes gases and nutrients through out body. blood remains confined to the heart and blood vessels. Annelids, Mullusks: cephalopods,
52
What organisms are characteristic of a larva and pupa stage?
Arthropods- insects
53
Mention an organism with a hydrostatic skeleton.
Annelids
54
Some worms are hermaphroditic; What does that mean?
Have male and female sexual organs: They can produce both male and female gametes
55
Mentions some examples of mollusks
Gastropods: Snails, slugs Bivalves: scallops, oysters Cephalopods: octopuses, squid
56
What characteristics made cephalopods successful predators?
Large brains- capable of learning | Closed circulatory system
57
What is molting and what organisms present it?
when an exoskeleton becomes to small it is shed | Arthropods
58
What organisms have 8 eyes?
arachnids: spiders only
59
Mention some examples of crustaceans
``` Crab lobster shrimp crayfish barnacles ```
60
Mention some examples of echinoderms
Sand dollars sea urchins sea stars
61
What kind of symmetry do echinoderms have?
As larvae they are bilateral | As adults they are radial
62
From the groups of annelida, arthropoda, echinodermata, and mollusca, which ones are “segmented”?
Annelida

Bio 2 (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions