CH 32

Question 1

Mention the parts of the circulatory system

Answer 1

1. Blood
2. Blood vessels
3. Heart

Question 2

What is a close circulatory system? give examples of animals that have it.

Answer 2

Blood is confined to the heart and vascular system.

vertebrates (mammals) and some invertebrate (squid)

Question 3

Know the differences between the heart and circulatory systems of fish, amphibians, and mammals (chamber numbers ect.)

Answer 3

Fish- 1 atria, 1 ventricle
Amphibians- 2 atria, 1 ventricle
Mammals- 2 atria, 2 ventricle

Question 4

What is the pacemaker of the heart?

Answer 4

Sinoatrial Atrioventricular node (SA node)

Question 5

What is the content of plasma in blood?

Answer 5

90% water
hormones
nutrients 
gas
salt
waist
proteins

Question 6

How does erythropoietin regulate red blood cells numbers?

Answer 6

stimulates the bone marrow to produce more oxygen- transporting red blood cells

Question 7

Mention some types of white blood cells and their functions?

Answer 7

Lymphocytes

Macrophage- engulf bacteria and cellular debris

Question 8

What are the parts of the lymphatic system?

Answer 8

1. lymphatic vessels
2. lymphatic capillaries
3. lymph nodes
4. thymus
5. spleen

Question 9

What are the functions of the lymphatic system?

Answer 9

1. return excess interstitial fluid to bloodstream
2. transport fat from small intestines to bloodstream
3. contribute to immunity

Question 10

What is an open circulatory system and examples of animals with it.

Answer 10

Space within the body cavity hemocel.

anthropods & mollusks

Question 11

Mention the general functions of circulatory systems

Answer 11

1. Transport O2 & CO2
2. Distribute nutrients
3. Transport waste
4. Distribute hormones
5. Regulate body temp
6. Prevent blood loss
7. Protect against disease

Question 12

What is systolic and diastolic pressure?

Answer 12

systolic- arteries pressure of blood pumped through systematic circuit (higher #)
diastolic- pressure in arteries as the heart rest (lower #)

Question 13

What types of cells are found in the blood and what is their function?

Answer 13

red blood cells- deliver nutr. and oxygen
white blood cells- immunity
plasma (platelets)- blood clotting

Question 14

What are the steps in the blood clotting process?

Answer 14

platelet activations from collagen > prothrombin forms throbin > throbin catalyzes to fibrin

Question 15

What are the main types of blood vessels and their functions?

Answer 15

arteries
arterioles
capillaries
veins
venules

Question 16

Arteries carry blood _____.

- away from capillaries
- away from the heart and away from the lungs
- to the heart and away from the lungs
- to the heart only
- away from the heart only

Answer 16

away from the heart only

Question 17

Blood returns to the heart via the _____.

- aorta
- pulmonary arteries
- pulmonary veins
- aorta and pulmonary arteries
- aorta and pulmonary veins

Answer 17

pulmonary veins

Question 18

From the pulmonary veins, blood flows to the _____.

- right atrium
- left atrium
- aorta
- capillaries of the lungs
- posterior vena cava

Answer 18

left atrium

Question 19

From the anterior vena cava, blood flows to the _____.

- right atrium
- left atrium
- aorta
- capillaries of the lungs
- posterior vena cava

Answer 19

right atrium

Question 20

From the capillaries of the abdominal organs and hind limbs, blood flows to the _____.

- right atrium
- left atrium
- aorta
- capillaries of the lungs
- posterior vena cava

Answer 20

posterior vena cava

Question 21

Carbon dioxide enters the blood at the _____.

- capillaries of the lungs
- capillaries of the abdominal organs
- capillaries of the hind limbs
- capillaries of the head and forelimbs
- capillaries of the head, forelimbs, abdominal organs, and hind limbs

Answer 21

capillaries of the head, forelimbs, abdominal organs, and hind limbs

Question 22

The _____ has(have) the thinnest walls.

- aorta
- capillaries
- posterior vena cava
- pulmonary artery
- right ventricle

Answer 22

capillaries

Question 23

Blood pressure is highest in the _____.

- aorta
- posterior vena cava
- anterior vena cava
- pulmonary artery
- capillaries

Answer 23

aorta

Question 24

Most gas exchange with blood vessels occurs across the walls of the structure called the _____

Answer 24

alveoli

Question 25

A _____ is a red blood cell. Its red color is produced by the iron-containing protein _____, which transport most of the blood’s oxygen

Answer 25

erythrocyte

hemoglobin

Question 26

What is the advantage of a closed circulatory system over an open one?

- A closed system carries more blood.
- Blood flows more slowly in a closed system.
- In a closed system, the blood comes nearer to each cell.
- A closed system moves blood more efficiently.
- There are more blood cells in a closed system

Answer 26

A closed system moves blood more efficiently.

Question 27

All of the following are true of the SA node EXCEPT that it

- directly stimulates the atria.
- directly stimulates the ventricles.
- is the pacemaker.
- is influenced by nerve impulses and hormones.

Answer 27

directly stimulates the ventricles.

Question 28

How many molecules of oxygen can bind with one molecule of human hemoglobin?

- One
- Five
- Four
- Three
- Two

Answer 28

Four

Question 29

Erythrocytes are produced in the

- bone marrow.
- liver.
- heart.
- spleen.

Answer 29

bone marrow.