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Biology 2 > Ch 31: Fungi > Flashcards

Ch 31: Fungi Flashcards

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1
Q

Heterotrophs are fungi that

A

absorb nutrients and most are decomposers

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2
Q

Fungi are composed of

A

pyphe

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3
Q

Only some fungi have what stage

A

diekaryon stage

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4
Q

How do fungi undergo mitosis differently?

A

the molecular envelope doesn’t break down and mitosis occurs in the nucleus

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5
Q

What is Chitin

A

a tough resistant pollysacharide found in cell walls

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6
Q

What is Hyphae?

A

cell bodies that are long and slender filaments

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7
Q

What is Mycelium

A

group of Hyphae

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8
Q

What are septa?

A

cross walls that may separate some hyphae but rarely produce a barrier

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9
Q

What is Coenocytic hyphae?

A

they are hyphae that lack cepta and consist of a continuous cytoplasmic mass having thousands of nucli

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10
Q

What is Haustoria?

A

specialized hyphae that extract/exchange nutrients with host plant

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11
Q

Fungi Hyphae have reproductive mating types called

A

+ and -

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12
Q

Spores can be produced through

A

Mitosis and meioses

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13
Q

If compatible, the cytoplasm of two mating types fuse in a process called

A

plasmogomy

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14
Q

The nuclei don’t fuse right away creating a

A

Dikaron stage

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15
Q

Fungi that are Hetrokaryotic

A

are genetically different

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16
Q

Fungi that are Homokaryotic

A

are genetically the same

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17
Q

After some time, the two haploid nuclei fuse to form a ______ ________ in a process called ____________.

A

Diploid Neculeus, karyogamy

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18
Q

Meiosis restores the _________ condition as __________ are produced and germinate into ___________.

A

haploid, spores, Hyphae

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19
Q

Fungi can produce spores through ________ and the spores germinate into new ____________.

A

Mitosis, mycelum

20
Q

What are Aquatic Fungi with Flagellated Zoospores called?

A

Chytridiomycetes

21
Q

Chytridiomycetes are the only group to have..?

A

motial zoo spores (can move through water)

22
Q

t or f Chytridiomycetes cause increase in amphibian population?

A

f - decrease

23
Q

what is the Closest living relative to the fungal ancestor?

A

Chytridiomycetes

24
Q

Zygomycetes are defined as

A

Fungi that Produce Zygotes

25
Q

examples of Zygomycetes are

A

bread molds and molds found around decaying fruit

26
Q

the Hyphae of Zygomycetes are

A

coenocytic

27
Q

Zygomycetes usually reproduce ….

A

Asexually

28
Q

Glomeromycetes are fungi that have what important association?

A

Mycorrhizal associations

29
Q

It has been hypothesized that the mutualistic relationship between plants and _____made the evolution of terrestrial plants

A

Mycorrhize

30
Q

Ascomycetes are also know as the

A

The Sac (Ascus) Fungi

31
Q

in what way are ascomycetes Economically Important?

A

Make yeast, truffles,

32
Q

which fungi can cause serious plant pathogens?

A

ascomycetes

33
Q

where does the sexual reproduction in ascomycetes occur?

A

ascus

34
Q

where does Asexual reproduction occurs in ascomycetes ?

A

the Conidiophores

35
Q

to which fungal group does coridecps ( the fungi that takes over the ants brain) belong to?

A

ascomycetes

36
Q

Fungal group Basidiomycetes are also called

A

The Club (Basidium) Fungi

37
Q

Most familiar fungi (i.e. mushrooms, toadstools, puff balls, shelf fungi, etc…) belong to which fungal group?

A

Basidiomycetes

38
Q

in Basidiomycetes Sexual Reproduction occurs in _____ & secondary mycelium are _________

A

basidia, heterokaryotic

39
Q

T or F Many Basidiomycetes are used for food, but many can be hallucinogenic or deadly?

A

T

40
Q

T or F fungi can be endophytes?

A

T

41
Q

Fungal Endophytes can be….

A

parasitic, communistic and mutualistic

42
Q

what is the fungi lichen composed of?

A

fungi and photocynthetic algae or cyabnobacterium

43
Q

describe how ants and fungus create a tripartite relationship

A

ants bring leaf to fungus fungus eats leaf ant eats fungus

44
Q

what can ergots on ry bread cause

A

gang green, hallucinations, insanity

45
Q

what is a type of fungal parisite that suficates frogs?

A

chitridmycosis

46
Q

what are 3 practical uses of fungi?

A

farming- mycorrhizae
beer wine bread and cheese
antibiotics- penicillin

Biology 2 (21 decks)

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