Ch 29

Question 1

4 Key Traits of adaptation on land

Answer 1

• alternation of generations
• walled spores produced sporangia
• multicellular gametangia
• Apical Meristem

Question 2

Charophytes

Answer 2

Fresh water algae ancestors of land plants

Question 3

Morphological and Biological evidence for charophytes close relationship to land plants

Answer 3

Share same enzymes and proteins
sperm is similar
similar cell division

Question 4

Land plants can also be known as

Answer 4

embryophytes

Question 5

Benifits gained from colonizing land

Answer 5

• More exposure to light
• at the time there were fewer herbivores and pathogens
• more co2
• soil was rich in minerals

Question 6

Challenges to living on land

Answer 6

Desiccation

gravity

Question 7

In alternation of generations, the genotype phase produces gametes by

Answer 7

Mitosis

Question 8

In alternation of generations, the sporophyte phase is a result of

Answer 8

Fertilization

Question 9

The sporophyte produces spores via

Answer 9

meiosis

Question 10

When spores germinate they produce a

Answer 10

gametophyte

Question 11

Where are spores produced?

Answer 11

sporangia

Question 12

Diploid cells called mother cells undergo what to generate what?

Answer 12

They undergo meiosis to generate haploid spores

Question 13

What do spore walls contain that help protect the spore form harsh conditions?

Answer 13

Sporopollin

Question 14

What is the gametangia?

Answer 14

The “loins” of the plant

Question 15

What is the female gametangia?

Answer 15

archegonia

Question 16

What is the male gametangia?

Answer 16

Antheridia

Question 17

what does the Apical Meristem produce?

Answer 17

Roots and Shoots

Question 18

what do shoots usually turn into?

Answer 18

leaves

Question 19

Additional Traits that derived for land plants: Cutical / stomata. What do they do?

Answer 19

prevent desication

Question 20

Additional Traits that derived for land plants: Mycorrhizae. what is it / does it do

Answer 20

It is a fungi that helps the plant absorb nutrients

Question 21

Additional Traits that derived for land plants: Flavonoids. what do they do?

Answer 21

absorb UV radiation

Question 22

What are the 3 Bryophytes?

Answer 22

liver warts (Hepatophyta), mosses (Bryophyta), horn warts (Anthrocerophyta)

Question 23

What are two types of vascular plants?

Answer 23

seedless and seed plants

Question 24

are Bryophytes vascular or non vascular?

Answer 24

non vascular

Question 25

What are the seedless vascular plants called scientific name? 2

Answer 25

Lycophyta and Pterophyta

Question 26

what are the seed plants scientific names? 2

Answer 26

Angiosperm and gymnosperm

Question 27

In bryophytes the gametotype is

Answer 27

Dominit and photosynthetic

Question 28

In bryophytes what is required for sexual reproduction?

Answer 28

water

Question 29

In bryophytes how do they anchor themselves?

Answer 29

rizoids

Question 30

How do mosses indicate pollution?

Answer 30

They will not grow where there is pollution

Question 31

Bryophyte: Liverworts 2 characteristics

Answer 31

lack stomata

liver shaped gametophyte

Question 32

Bryophyte: hornworts 2 characteristics

Answer 32

they have a photosynthetic sporophyte and stomata

Question 33

Bryophyte Hair Cup moss 2 characteristics

Answer 33

have a capsule and a seta

Question 34

First vascular plant

Answer 34

cooksonia

Question 35

Scientific name for vascular plants

Answer 35

Tracheophytes

Question 36

3 clades of Tracheophytes (land plants)

Answer 36

lycophytes
pterophytes
seed plants

Question 37

land plants contain what kind of tissue?

Answer 37

vascular tissue

Question 38

what two things are in the vascular tissue that help the plant

Answer 38

Xylem and Phloem

Question 39

What does the Xylem do?

Answer 39

conducts water and devolves minerals up from roots

Question 40

What does the phloem do?

Answer 40

conducts sucrose and hormones throughout plant

Question 41

most abundant type of seedless vascular plant

Answer 41

Ferns