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NRSG 331 > Ch. 3 Ethics & Laws > Flashcards

Ch. 3 Ethics & Laws Flashcards

1
Q

What is Ethics?

A

A branch of philosophy that deals with distinguishing right from wrong

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2
Q

What is Bioethics?

A

A term applied to ethics when they refer to concepts within the scope of medicine, nursing, and allied health

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3
Q

What is Moral Behavior?

A

Conduct that results from serious critical thinking about how individuals should treat others

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4
Q

What are Values?

A

Personal beliefs about what is important and desirable

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5
Q

What is Value Clarification?

A

A process of self-exploration by which people identify and rank their own personal values

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6
Q

What is Right?

A

A valid, legally recognized claim or entitlement, encompassing both freedom from government interference or discriminatory tx and entitlement to a benefit or service

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7
Q

What is Absolute Right?

A

When there is no restriction whatsoever on the individual’s entitlement

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8
Q

What is a Legal Right?

A

A right in which society has agreed and formalized into law

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9
Q

What is Utilitarianism?

A

An ethical theory that promotes action based on the end result that produces the most good (happiness) for the most people

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10
Q

What is Kantianism?

A

A theory that suggests that decisions and actions are bound by a sense of duty

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11
Q

Christian Ethics

A

Do unto others as you would have them do unto you

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12
Q

Natural Law Theories

A

Do good and avoid evil. Human knowledge of the difference btwn good and evil directs decision-making

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13
Q

Ethical Egoism

A

Decisions are based on what is best for the individual making the decision

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14
Q

An OR nurse asks a psych nurse, “How can you work with the mentally ill day in and day out?” The psych nurse replies, “It’s just the right thing to do.” The psych nurse is operating from which ethical framework?

a) Kantianism
b) Christian ethics
c) Ethical egoism
d) Utilitarianism

A

a) Kantianism.

Kantianism focuses on the morality of actions. Actions are judged as right or wrong based on ethical principles. The nurse’s response indicates a Kantian perspective.

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15
Q

What is an ethical dilemma?

A

Situations that require individuals to make a choice btwn two equally unfavorable alternatives

P.S. taking no action is considered an action taken!

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16
Q

What is the Ethical Principle of Autonomy?

A

Autonomy emphasizes the status of persons as autonomous moral agents whose rights to determine their destinies should always be respected

17
Q

What is the Ethical Principle of Beneficence?

A

Beneficence refers to one’s duty to benefit or promote the good of others

18
Q

What is the Ethical Principle of Nonmaleficence?

A

Nonmaleficence means to abstain from negative acts toward another; includes acting carefully to AVOID HARM

19
Q

What is the Ethical Principle of Justice?

A

Justice is based on the notion of a hypothetical social contract btwn free, equal, and rational persons. The concept of justice reflects a duty to treat all individuals equally and fairly

20
Q

What is the Ethical Principle of Veracity?

A

Veracity is a principle that refers to one’s duty to always be truthful

21
Q

All clients that a nurse attends to has what three rights?

A
  1. The right to tx
  2. The right to refuse tx (including meds [with exception])
  3. The right to the least restrictive tx alternative
22
Q

What are the two types of law?

A

Statutory, Common

23
Q

What is Civil Law?

A

Protects the private and property rights of individuals and businesses

24
Q

What is Criminal Law?

A

Provides protection from conduct deemed injurious to the public welfare

25
Q

Legal issues in Psych/Mental Health Nursing

A
  1. Confidentiality and right to privacy
  2. Informed consent
  3. Restraints and seclusion
  4. Commitment issues
  5. Negligence
  6. Malpractice
26
Q

Types of Involuntary Commitment

A
  1. Emergency commitment
  2. The mentally ill person in need of tx
  3. Involuntary outpatient commitment
  4. The gravely disabled client
27
Q

What is Negligence?

A

Failure to exercise the care toward others that a REASONABLE OR PRUDENT PERSON would do in the circumstances

28
Q

What is Malpractice?

A

An act or continuing conduct of a professional that does not meet the standard of competence and results in provable damages to the pt

29
Q

What are the types of lawsuits that occur in psychiatric nursing?

A
  1. Breach of confidentiality
  2. Defamation of character (Libel [written] or Slander [spoken])
  3. Invasion of privacy
  4. Assault (the threat or perceived threat of harm) and battery (actually physically doing harm)
  5. False imprisonment
30
Q

As a last resort, an agitated, physically aggressive client is placed in four-point restraints. The client yells, “I’ll sue you for assault and battery.” The unit manager determines that the nurses are protected under which condition?

a) The client is voluntarily committed and poses a danger to others on the unit
b) The client is voluntarily committed and has a hx of being a danger to others
c) The client is involuntarily committed b/c of a hx of violent behavior
d) The client is involuntarily committed and is refusing tx

A

a) The client is voluntarily committed and poses a danger to others on the unit.

As a threat to others, the client can be restrained despite objections and voluntary commitment.

31
Q

A nurse gave a client 5 mg of haloperidol (Haldol) for agitation. The client’s chart was clearly stamped “Allergic HALDOL.” The client suffered anaphylactic shock and died. How would the nurse’s actions be labeled?

a) Intentional tort
b) Negligence
c) Battery
d) Assault

A

b) Negligence

The nursing action was an unreasonable and careless act. The nurse was negligent and could be held liable for the client’s death

32
Q

What are the eight ways to avoid liability?

A
  1. Respond to the client
  2. Educate the client
  3. Comply with the standard of care
  4. Supervise care
  5. Adhere to the nursing process
  6. Document carefully
  7. Follow up as required
  8. Develop and maintain a good interpersonal relationship with client and family

NRSG 331 (26 decks)

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