Ch. 26: Community Mental Health Nursing Flashcards
1
Q
NAMI
A
- National Alliance on Mental Illness
- https://www.nami.org/
- Voice on mental health. Many great resources.
2
Q
Statistics
A
- An estimated 20% of people experiencing homelessness in the U.S. have a serious mental health condition
- ~ 40% of adults incarcerated in the state and federal prison system have a diagnosed mental illness
- ~70% of youth in juvenile justice systems have at least one mental health condition and at least 20% live with a serious mental illness
- ~40% of Veterans Health Administration patients have a diagnosed mental illness or substance use disorder
3
Q
17% of youth (6 - 17 years) experience a mental health disorder
A
These numbers are increasing among youth/young adults with all of the challenges from the pandemic, such as isolation and changes in routines and structure
4
Q
Cost of care for mentally ill
A
- Est cost of oregon state hospital = $1,324.00 per day.
- Annual cost = $483,260 per person. Costs are borne by the state of oregon.
- Providing services in the community would lower costs and also provide federal $ through medicaid or other programs
5
Q
P-ACT Team
A
- Program of Assertive Community Treatment - Evidence based approach
- Provides comprehensive treatment and support services to individuals who are diagnosed with serious mental illness.
6
Q
Oregon
A
- Assertive community treatment is one of the most effective evidence based practices in mental health treatment. Over 30 years of research has demonstrated that high fidelity ACT programs reduce psychiatric hospitalization and utilization of acute care; increase housing stability; and improve quality of lives.
- Multidisciplinary team approach
- 37 certified ACT teams in Oregon in 2019 serving approx. 1,200 clients
7
Q
Cost of ACT
A
- Avg. annual cost per client is $15,000 - $20,000
8
Q
Changing focus of care –> know the second bullet point!
A
- in 1963, the community mental health centers act was passed, calling for the construction of community health centers
- Deinstitutionalization (the closing of state mental hospitals and discharging of mentally ill individuals) had begun
- However, in the 1980’s, federal funding was reduced, and the number of community health centers was diminished
9
Q
Primary prevention (know these levels for testing!!!)
A
- Defined as reducing the incidence of mental disorders within the population
- Nursing in primary prevention is focused on targeting groups at risk and providing educational programs
10
Q
Primary prevention: poverty
A
- Direct correlation between poverty and emotional illness
- May have to do with:
- Inadequate and crowded living conditions
- Nutritional deficiencies
- Medical neglect
- Unemployment
- Homelessness
11
Q
Primary prevention: high rate of life change events, or environemt, or trauma
A
A large number of significant events occuring in close prox. deacrease a person’s ability to deal with stress
12
Q
Secondary prevention
A
- Interventions aimed at minimizing early symptoms of psychiatric illnesses and directed toward reducing the prevalence and duration of the illness.
- Accomplished through early identification of problems and prompt initiation of effective treatment
13
Q
Tertiary prevention
A
- Reducing the residual defects that are associated with severe and persistent mental illness
- Accomplished by preventing complications of the illness and promoting achievement of each individual’s maximum level of functioning
- Severe and persistent mental illness
- PACT
- psych home health care
- Community residential facilities
14
Q
Tertiary prevention: homeless population
A
- Its more than what we say
- 1/2 million are unsheltered
- some estimates are higher than 3.5 million
15
Q
Tertiary prevention
A
- Opioid epidemic. This is a huge thing right now. Careful with where needles end up.
- Many factors contribute to homeless population
- Homeless people die in the elements in Portland
- STIs are a major problem as well
