Ch. 3 Consciousness

Question 1

consciousness

Answer 1

subjective awareness of ourselves and our environment

Question 2

cognitive neuroscience

Answer 2

interdisciplinary study of the brain activity linked with cognition

Question 3

selective attention

Answer 3

focusing conscious awareness on a particular stimulus

Question 4

blindsight

Answer 4

person can respond to a visual stimulus without consciously experiencing it

Question 5

parallel processing

Answer 5

processing many aspects of a stimulus simultaneously

Question 6

sequential processing

Answer 6

processing one aspect of a stimulus or problem at a time

Question 7

sleep

Answer 7

periodic, natural loss of consciousness

Question 8

circadian rhythm

Answer 8

biological clock, regular bodily rhythms

Question 9

REM sleep

Answer 9

rapid eye movement, recurring sleep stage during which vivid dreams commonly occur

Question 10

alpha waves

Answer 10

relatively slow brain waves of a relaxed, awake state

Question 11

hallucinations

Answer 11

false sensory experiences

Question 12

delta waves

Answer 12

large, slow brain waves

Question 13

suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN)

Answer 13

pair of cell clusters in the hypothalamus that controls circadian rhythm

Question 14

insomnia

Answer 14

recurring problems in falling asleep or staying awake

Question 15

narcolepsy

Answer 15

uncontrollable sleep attacks

Question 16

sleep apnea

Answer 16

temporary cessations of breathing during sleep and repeated momentary awakenings

Question 17

dream

Answer 17

sequence of images, emotions, thoughts, passing through a sleeping person’s mind

Question 18

manifest content

Answer 18

Freud, symbolic, remembered story line of a dream

Question 19

latent content

Answer 19

Freud, underlying meaning of a dream

Question 20

REM rebound

Answer 20

tendency for REM sleep to increase following REM sleep deprivation

Question 21

psychoactive drug

Answer 21

chemical substance that alters perceptions and moods

Question 22

substance use disorder

Answer 22

disorder characterized by continued substance craving and use

Question 23

tolerance

Answer 23

diminishing effect with regular use of the same dose of a drug

Question 24

addiction

Answer 24

compulsive substance abuse

Question 25

withdrawal

Answer 25

discomfort and distress that follow discontinuing an addictive drug or behavior

Question 26

depressants

Answer 26

drugs that reduce neural activity and slow body functions

Question 27

barbituates

Answer 27

drugs that depress central nervous system activity

Question 28

opiates

Answer 28

opium and its derivatives, depress neural activity

Question 29

stimulants

Answer 29

drugs that excite neural activity and speed body functions

Question 30

amphetamines

Answer 30

drugs that stimulate neural activity

Question 31

nicotine

Answer 31

stimulating and highly addictive psychoactive drug in tobacco

Question 32

cocaine

Answer 32

powerful and addictive stimulants

Question 33

meth

Answer 33

stimulates CNS with accelerated body functions and associated energy and mood changes

Question 34

ecstacy

Answer 34

synthetic stimulant and mild hallucinogen

Question 35

hallucinogen

Answer 35

psychedelic drugs, distort perceptions and evoke sensory images in the absence of sensory input