Ch 24 Substance Abuse

Question 1

What are the intended effects of benzodiazepines

Answer 1

Maintenance of VS WNL
Decrease in risk of seizures
Decrease in the intensity of withdrawal manifestations

Question 2

What is carbamazepine ( tegretol) used for

Answer 2

Decrease in seizures in withdrawal

Question 3

What is propranolol used for

Answer 3

Decrease in craving

Question 4

What is the intended effects of disulfiram ( Antabuse)

Answer 4

It is a daily oral medication that is a type of aversion ( behavioral therapy)
Disulfiram used concurrently with alcohol will cause acetaldehyde syndrome to occur./effects include N/V, weakness, sweating, palpitations, and hypotension.
**monitor LFT to detect Hepatoxicity

Question 5

What can acetaldehyde syndrome progress to

Answer 5

Respiratory depression
Cardiovascular suppression
Seizures
Death

Question 6

What is naltrexone ( vivitrol)

Answer 6

A pure opioid antagonist that suppresses the craving and pleasurable effects of alcohol (also used for opioid withdrawal)

Concurrent use of opioids places the client at risk for overdose of opiates

Question 7

Acamprosate ( campral)

Answer 7

Is taken orally 3x day to reduce the craving for alcohol.

Diarrhea may result, maintain adequate fluid intake to prevent dehydration/ avoid use in pregnancy

Question 8

How is subcutex administered

Answer 8

Sublingually

Question 9

What is buprenorphine ( subcutex) used for?

Answer 9

Both detoxification and maintenance

Question 10

What is bupropion used for

Answer 10

Decreases nicotine craving and manifestations of withdrawal.

Chew sugarless gum, suck on hard candy, sip small amounts of water

Question 11

How long is nicotine gum recommended

Answer 11

No longer than 6 months
Chew gum. Slow and intermittently over 30 min
Avid eating or drinking 15 min prior and while chewing the gum

Question 12

Varenicline ( chantix)

Answer 12

Is a nicotine receptor agonist that promotes the release of dopamine to stimulate the pleasurable effects of nicotine
Reduces the incidence of relapse
Reduces craving for nicotine

Question 13

Chantix is contraindicated in who

Answer 13

Those who have chronic depression, serious mental illness, or SI

Question 14

What is carbamazepine ( tegretol) used for

Answer 14

It helps prevent seizures during alcohol withdrawal

Question 15

What meds will promote long term abstinence from alcohol

Answer 15

Disulfiram ( Antabuse)
Naltrexone ( vivitrol)
Acamprosate ( campral)

Question 16

What drug places the client at risk for acetaldehyde syndrome

Answer 16

Disulfiram places the client at risk for acetaldehyde syndrome of the client consumes alcohol while taking the med

Question 17

Name benzodiazepines

Answer 17

Chlordiazepoxide ( Librium)
Diazepam ( Valium)
Lorazepam ( Ativan)
Oxazepam ( serax)