ch. 24-25

Question 1

what was hoover’s public perception during the depression?

Answer 1

-unpopular
-“do nothing” president
-wasn’t even trying to help the depression

Question 2

what was the result of the hawley smoot tariff?

Answer 2

-was a tariff menat to help american economy
-only worsened it
-other countries retaliated with similar/worse tariffs
-hurt ability of america to sell to other nations

Question 3

how did FDR appeal directly to the public to support his banking reform plan?

Answer 3

-called it “banking holiday” (appealing name)
-fireside chats: fatherly figure communicating his plan and connecting to his citizens
-charismatic

Question 4

what was FDR’s “hundred days?”

Answer 4

-new policies and laws enacted during FDR’s first days in office to combat the depression

Question 5

how did FDR’s strategy of eal with the depression differ from hoover?

Answer 5

-FDR advocated for bold experimentation to try to fix the depression
-hoover was more lassiez-faire, let it work itself out

Question 6

what was FDR’s first strategy for dealign iwth the banking crisis?

Answer 6

-bank holiday
-closed banks to recoup cash holdings

Question 7

what was the glass steagall act?

Answer 7

-issued federal insurance to bank accounts up to a certain amount
-FDIC

Question 8

what was the provision of the agricultural adjustment act?

Answer 8

-government subsides to cut farm supply
-pays farmmers to not work

Question 9

what new deal program possible drw the most criticism for being socialist?

Answer 9

-TVA: gov. funded power projects in the south
-created bc electricity cost was hig and FDR wanted to use federal assitance to level playing field
-sparked controversy bc it was government buisness competing with private

Question 10

what political voting result came from FDR’s victories in 1932 and 1936?

Answer 10

democratic dominance, president had been republican dominated for a while

Question 11

what was the indian reoganization act of 1934?

Answer 11

-reversed the dawes act
-promoted tribal self-governmetn

Question 12

who mad eup the american liberty league?

Answer 12

-republican and democrattic conservatives
-fought against “reckless spending” and “socialist programs” of new deal/FDR

Question 13

what were some significant results of the newl deal?

Answer 13

-FDR altered presidential expectations
-FDIC
-social security
-fair labor standards act (no more child labor, 40 hr work week)

Question 14

what was the dust bowl/what issues did it cause?

Answer 14

-massive dust clouds on the great plains
-happened bc soil was so nutrient deprived bc of lack of crop alterntantion
-resettlement agency relocated urban and rural families to other communities bc of it

Question 15

what was FDR’s new strategy after the roosevelt recession in 1937?

Answer 15

-keynesian economics
-spend his way ou of it

Question 16

what was the controversy surrounding FDR’s ocurt-packing scheme?

Answer 16

-criticized for abuse of power
-seen as tryign to become a dictator
-proposed to add judges to court
-supreme court had ruled against many new deal policies

Question 17

what factores contribued to the rise of facism in europe?

Answer 17

-devastated economy + destabilized governments = rise of fascism and authoritarian governments that would “fix” issues

Question 18

what was the U.S. initial response to the facist aggression in europe/africa in the 1930s?

Answer 18

-isolationism/neutrality
-withdrew from the london enomic conference in 1933
-nye committee advised total neutrality, even in buisness
-linked buisness greed to involvement in WWI

Question 19

what were the provisions of the neutrality act of 1935?

Answer 19

-embargo of arms to warring countries
-barred U.S. citizen travel on beligerent ships
-allowed trad to warring nations through “cash and carry”
-paid in cash and provided their own transport

Question 20

what did FDR’s “quarantine speech” talk about?

Answer 20

-criticized ajpan’s conquering of china
-froze all japanese assets in the U.S. and ended trade
-80% of japanese imports

Question 21

what nation did germany invade when they broke the munich agreement?

Answer 21

czechoslovakia

Question 22

what country did germany invade that officially started WWII?

Answer 22

poland

Question 23

what motivated FDR to run for a third term in 1940?

Answer 23

-state of the world/war/instability
-hilter invaded poland and WWII began
-U.S. neturality is slipping away

Question 24

how did the lend-lease act mark the end of U.S. neutrality in WWII?

Answer 24

-U.S. now allowed to provide and materials to allies and defer payment until after war
-siding with allies basically
-raised the question of if neutrality was ended bc they were favoring allies

Question 25

what cahgne was made in teh 1939 neutrality act?

Answer 25

-embargo lifted on war materials ot allies

Question 26

waht agreements did FDR adn churchill make in teh atlantic charter?

Answer 26

-called for guarantees of political stabilizaiton after the war concluded

Question 27

what aws the most decisive factor for the U.S. turning the tid eof the war when they entered in 1941?

Answer 27

-mobilizaiton of the economy -resources/industrial production of wartime supplies

Question 28

why was the attack at pearl harbor such a surprise for U.S. intelligence in 1941?

Answer 28

-they knew they would be attacked but they thought it would be around the phillipines

Question 29

what was executive order 9066?

Answer 29

-camps constructed in desert/rural areas to house japanese americans during conflict -created because of growing fear of japanese spies

Question 30

what was the intended purpose and justification for hte japanse interment camps in WWII?

Answer 30

-"miliary necesity" -house potential japanse spies and prevent conflict

Question 31

what was the social result of african american migration during WWII?

Answer 31

riot and violence -detroit race riots -la zoot suit riots

Question 32

before the invasion of farnce where did the U.S. choose to attack in 1941 within the european theater?

Answer 32

-north africa and italy

Question 33

what were the agreements in the tehran conference?

Answer 33

-2nd front opened up in europe

Question 34

what were the agreements in the potsdam onference?

Answer 34

-issue and ultimatum to japan -unconditional surrender

Question 35

what was the agreement at the yalta conference?

Answer 35

-treatment of germany after surrender -post-war europe

Question 36

what was the significance of the battle of midway?

Answer 36

-turning point in the war -U.S. naval victory over japan that was devastating

Question 37

what justificaiton did Truman give for dropping the atomic bomb?

Answer 37

-japna would keep fighting until everyone died essentially -needed to end conflict ASAP with as few american casualties as possible

Question 38

what was the manhattan project?

Answer 38

-atomic bomb testing and detonation in the U.S.