ch. 17-19 Flashcards
what was president grant’s peace policy toward native americans?
-trying to get native americans to assimilate to “civilized life”
-remove corrupt indian agents who supervised reservations
-replace them with christian missionaries
what was the general strategy of the U.S. government toward native americans in the 1800s?
-take as much of their land as possible
-did so by putting them on reservations or other ways like giving them small plots of land
what was the govenment’s goasl of creating indian boarding schools?
-to encourage assimilation
-americanize natives
what was the outcome of the dawes actt of 1887?
-majorly reduced native american land
-dissoved tribal entities and make natives citizens who farmed land
what caused the massacre at wounded knee in 1890?
-the government outlawed the ghost dance
what was the response form africna americans as they faced racism in western areas after leaving the south?
-creating their own all black communities
-ex. nicodemus, kansas
whas was the ffect of the chinese exclusion actt of 1882?
-no more chinese workers could immigrate to the U.S.
-first law passed by congress singling out one group and saying they coyld not immigrate
how did the frontier western economy begin to look lke the ndustrial eastern economy?
-more industrialized
-railroads increased this
-agribuissness (move from individual familyy farms to commercial farmign
algon with the homestead act what ecnouraged the migration of settlers into the west?
-first transcontinental railroad
-easier trip
who already held most of the best land in the 1870s as homesteaders were coming from the east?
-railroad tracks/ companies
-given the land in government grants
what facttors contributed to rapid industrialization in the U.S. after the civil war?
-abundant resources
-abudant workers (immigrants and child labor)
-abundant capital (investment)
-innovation
-lassiez faire capitalism
what industry was primarily responsible for the post-Civil war economic boom
-railraods
-concentrated wealth into hands of investors
-transportation to other markets
-first big buisness and got the ball rolling for it
what factors significatnly contributed to the railraod construction in the 1870s and 1880s?
-government favorability/land grants
-way for investors to get rich
what is vertical integration?
-owning every aspect of a buisness
how did ida tarbell characterize the buisness acttivities of john d. rockefeller?
-she criticized him
-thought hs practices were unfair and unethical
social darwinism
-“survival of the fittest” but applied to wealth and prosperity in society
-wealth = sign of fitness
-poverty = sign of unfitness
gospel of welath
-written by andrew carnegie
-welath should be used for public good, not hoarded
-financially successful people should use their wisdom, ecperience, and wealth to help society
ida b. wells
-exposed the lynchings in ex-Confederate states
-brought this issue to national and international audiences
how was the “new south” considered a myth?
-remained solidly democrat
-comitted to egregation and black oppresion
-remained mostly agrarian not industrial
why was the election of 1876 significant?
-it was a disputed election
-republican hayes vs. democrat tilden
-no clear winner
-issues over patronage/machine politics caused factions within parties (stalwarts and half-breeds)
what was the outlook on buisness competition from wealthy elites like rockefeller and morgan
-rockefeller and morgan used tactics to get rid of competitoin by buying or making deals
-horizontal integration: buying or pricing out competition
which faction of the republican party supported and defended patronage?
stalwarts
what was the pendleton act?
-government appoints positions based on merit (no more spoils system)
-signed by pres chester a arthur
how did the assasination of garfield actually lead to civil service reform?
-people felt that the spoils system had caused guiteau to be angry and assasinate garfield
-this system created the action and it needed to change
-soon after the pendleton act was passed
