ch. 20-21 Flashcards
what were the reasons for farmer’s economic disatisfaction in the late 19th century?
-dropping farm good prices caused by commercialization/agribusiness priced farmers out
-increased shipping rates if you were a small farm
-limited credit bc banks did not want to loan money to farms that wouldn’t make much profit
in 1892 what did the farmer’s alliance transition to?
-the populist party
what were the main issues the populist party fought for?
-public/gvt ownership of railroads and telegraph
-federal graduated income tax (more you make more you pay)
-free silver
what were the circumstances of the pullman strike?
-the pullman company had worker housing
-rent came out of employee paychecks
-rent rose the same time paychecks were cut
what was a common government reaction to the labor wars in the 1890s?
-siding with big buisness over the laborers
-forcefully ending the strike and telling people to go back to work
what is “reform darwinism”
-society could progress faster if men and women used their intellect and resources to alter their environment
-if you are a “have” you need to contribute to society and help the “have-nots)
what is the social gospel?
-churches were activated to solve spiritual and societal problems
-“we the church mustt go out into the world and make the kingdom better”
-“we are the hands and feet of Jesus”
why did women rally behind the temperance movement in the late 1800s?
-another avenue to advocate for women’s rights
-men’s alcohol abuse harms women and children
how did the women’s christian temperance union change when frances williard was elected president?
-created a broad reform coalition within the WCTU
-urged suffragists to focus on local level but push for reform
how did jane addams contribute to the reform movement of the late 19th century>
-founded hull house
-place for immigrants, ex-prisoners, orphans
-fulfilled their basic needs
-provided them with and education
what was the most importatn topic of the nation as TR came into office in 1901?
-the question of if the government could control corporate trusts or nto
what did TR think about corporate trusts?
-he didn’t like them in general
-kept the ones he felt were necesary or incredibly beneficial for the economy
-used sherman antitrust act to bust 43 “bad” trust
-“bad” trust = unfair to the consumers
what did president roosevelt’s actions toward the anthracite coal strike of 1902 and the dissolutoin of norther secruties in 1904 suggest about his policies toward big buisnesses?
-he sided in favor of the laborers
-something never before done by government
-negotiated a settlement between labor and managment
-suggested that he did not like unfair big buisness
what was the antiquities act?
-protected specific federal land in national parks
-roosevelt = forward thinking
-we don’t want to get too industrialized and have no nature to enjoy
what was the job of the “muckrakers”?
-they were investgative journalists
-exposeed corruption
-prompted action/reform by TR and congres
what spurred the U.S. congress to pass the pure food and drrug act in 1906?
-“the jungle” by upton sinclair
-exposed the unsanitariness of the meat processing industry
what was a positive outcome of the triangle shirtwaist fire of 1911?
-muller v. oregon
-court upheld law to regulate women’s working hours
which goal di dpresident wilson hope to accomplish by supporting the clayton act of 1914?
-he wanted to make sure there was equal economic opportunity by a federal trade commision
-federal watch dog on U.S. economy
what was the importance of the hepburn act?
-gave governmetn agency (ICC) a chance to set RR shipping rates
-subject to court approval
what aws the resulf of plessy v. ferfuson decision on southern state laws?
-allowed them to pass jim crow laws and keep the south very segregated
-ruled that “separaate but equal” was not a violation of the constitution
what were jim crow laws designed to do in the south?
-keep african americans oppressed and separate
-state mandated racial segregation
what were the differences between booker t. washington and WEB dubois?
-washington: gradual equality, practical ways to make life better right now, tuskegee institute trained black people for different jobs
-dubois: immediate equality, founded NAACP
what was the purpose of the open door policy in china?
-to prevent one coutnry from ahving the upper hand
-allow any intersted countries to trade with china
what was taft’s “dollar diplomacy” strategy?
-have american influence be exerted by banks/financial interests
-supported partly by diplomats
