ch. 15 and 16 Flashcards
how did lincoln attempt to prevent further secession in his inagural address?
-denied that the war was about slavery
-said he would not take away slavery in the territories it already existed in that were part of the Union
what even marked the beginning of hostilities for the civil war in 1861?
-fort sumter
-almost all forts in southern territory that seceed became confederate except sumter
-confederates surrounded it and assaulted it with artillery for 36 hours
-no casualties
why did southerners believe the confederacy could defeat the union in the war?
-advantages: they were closer to their opponent’s capital
-more comfortable with violence
-had a “moral” cause
-defensive strategy
-possible ally of britain
what was lincoln’s main strategy at the very beginning of the war?
-qucikly end the war
-blockade the south
-split the CSA by taking the mississippi
-cpature richmond
what was the confederate army’s signifcant weakness in suplly and troop movement?
-economy was solely based on cotton and slaves
-no industry so they couldn’t produce as many weapons
-little food produced in agriculture
what was significant to both sides after the battle of bull run?
-lincoln mobilizes 1 million troops for a 3 year committment
-south changes general from joe johnson to robert e lee
who was george mcclellan and why was lincoln critical of him?
cautious general in charge of army of potomac
-thought he was not decisive enough
why did the confederacy push “king cotton diplomacy” during the war?
-they thought they could get european allies (specifically britain) to help them in war
-they thought their cotton was valuable to them and they coudl use it to their advantage
why did lincoln refuse to make the war about ending slavery?
-he didn’t want more slave states to seceed the union
what were two of lincolns biggest concers in announcing emancipation?
-union troops would stop fighting because they weren’t in favor of the cause
-more border/slave states would seceed
define the confiscation act of 1862?
-allowed for seizure of any slave employed by the CSA
why did lincoln justify the emancipation proclamation?
-act of war
-economy of the sout hrelied on slavery
-without slaves they would have even more of a supply issue and couldn’t keep up the fighting
how were free african americans treated in the union army?
they were paid less
-drcriminated against
-the military was segregated
define the militia act of 1862
-allowed african americans to serve in army/navy
-military was still segregated, they were paid less, and discriminated against
how did republicans authorize economic growth to finance the war in teh early 1860s?
-banking legislation
-women working manufacturing jobs
-women raising money
what was the purpose of the homestead act of 1862 and what was it?
-allowed oeple to settle the west for free so they could make the territory have no slaves and part of the union
-destrigned to organize west easiliy into the union
what prompted the irish led riots in new york city, 1863?
-lincoln enacted a draft
-if you were rich enough you could buy a substitute (usually a poor person or immigrant) to fight in your place
how did lincoln silence opposition to maryland secession efforts during war?
-imposing martial law (troops going in and taking control)
-suspension of habeas corupus (lincoln arrests southern sympathizers)
-“state of insurrection” was how he justified it
what was the important result of the battle of vicksburg?
-union victory
-split south because they control the mississippi river
what two battles both fought in union territory served as turning points in the war?
-battle of gettysburg and battle of antietam
what was william t sherman’s strategy for defeatign confederates in georgia 1864?
-total war
-crush enemy’s will to fight by destroying infrastruccture and civilian property
how did political parties organize themselves fo rthe elction of 1864?
-democrats: split over continuing war or offering peace
-national union party aka republicans
what did the 13th amendment do upon its passage?
-abolish slavery federally
what did the 14th amendment do?
-citizenship and states cannot discriminate
