Ch. 23: Microbial Diseases Of The Cardiovascular And Lymphatic System Flashcards

1
Q

What’s septic shock?

A
  • Mostly hypovolemic, histamine makes the capillaries leaky which causes the drop in blood volume
  • SIRS (Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome)
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2
Q

Anthrax is caused by?

A

Bacillus anthracis, it’s the spores you have to worry about

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3
Q

What are the two most famous pathogenic (genre) endospore formers?

A

Clostridium and bacillus

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4
Q

What are the three types of anthrax?

A
  • Cutaneous anthrax
  • GI anthrax
  • Inhalation (pulmonary) anthrax
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5
Q

What is pulmonary edema?

A

Fluid in the lungs

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6
Q

What causes pulmonary edema?

A

Capillaries leakage, 100% mortality rate if untreated

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7
Q

What’s GAS gangrene caused by?

A

Clostridium perfringens

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8
Q

How do you treat GAS gangrene?

A

Antibiotics and hyperbaric chamber

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9
Q

What does a hyperbaric chamber do?

A

Big tank with pressurized air, you’re forcing air into the wounds, 02 is toxic to anaerobes

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10
Q

Who’s at risk for GAS gangrene?

A

Diabetics and chronic wounded individuals

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11
Q

What are the two types of black plague?

A

1) Bubonic plague

2) Pneumonic plague

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12
Q

What causes Lyme disease?

A
  • Ticks

* Dramatically under reported because the symptoms often mild and go away for a while

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13
Q

Where does the lymphatic system empty out?

A

Superior Vena Cava

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14
Q

What does Viral Hemorrhagic Fever (VHF) include?

A
  • Ebola
  • Lassa
  • Marburg
  • Yellow Fever
  • Dengue hemorrhagic fever
  • Can progress to a hemorrhagic disease
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15
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of VHF?

A
  • Sometimes bleeding through the orophage
  • Catatonic state (inability to move normally)
  • Extreme weight loss
  • Sclera of the eye turn a Crimson color
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16
Q

How is dengue fever spread?

A

Aedes aegypti, same mosquito the spreads yellow fever, chikungunya and Zika virus

17
Q

Dengue fever is often called?

A
  • Break bone fever, it’s rarely fatal but you get fever, lethargic, and your joints hurt
  • It’s on the rise worldwide 40 million cases
18
Q

What’s one complication of malaria?

19
Q

What’s the best way to diagnose the malaria?

A

Blood smear and if you see any protozoans including the ring stage in the blood smear, it’s a definite diagnosis.

20
Q

What are the three different stages of Lyme disease?

A

1) Muscular rash
2) Neurological complications (Facial tics, Facial paralysis, meningitis encephalitis)
3) Athro symptoms (arthritis in the joins)

21
Q

What are the different types of gangrene?

A

Dry
Systemic Organ
GAS (most common)

22
Q

What bacteria causes Lyme Disease?

A

A spirochete, Borrelia burgolorferi

23
Q

What’s lymphangitis?

A

Inflammation of the lymph vessels

24
Q

Sepsis

A

Type of SIRS

Fever, chills, tachycardia, hypotension

25
Neonatal sepsis
Group B Strep infection that newborns are at high risk for. | Can lead to sepsis
26
Common pathogen of TSS?
Staph and Strep
27
Pathogen that causes Malaria?
Plasmodium spp.
28
What pathogen causes Lyme Disease?
Borrelia burgolorferi
29
Protozoan that causes Malaria?
Plasmodium falciparum