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Microbiology > Ch 12 > Flashcards

Ch 12 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two different categories of the fungi and give examples of each?

A
  • Unicellular (Ex: Yeast)

* Filamentous (Ex: Mold, Rust, Mushrooms)

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2
Q

The filaments of filamentous fungi are called?

A

Hyphae

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3
Q

What type of lifecycle to the filamentous fungi have?

A

Sexual and asexual life cycles

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4
Q

What are the two types of characteristics found among fungal hyphae?

A
  • Septate (Have crossed walls, or septa, dividing the hyphae into cell like units)
  • Coenocytic (Lack septa)
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5
Q

Name the two different types of hyphae?

A
  • Ariel Hyphae (Produce spore, reproduction)

* Vegetative Hyphae (Obtain Nutrients, most grow below the surface)

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6
Q

What is the role or function of hyphae?

A

Reproduction and nutrition

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7
Q

Where do hyphae sprout from?

A

Spores

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8
Q

Filamentous fungi are considered to be and what do they do?

A

Saprophytic, they obtain their nutrients from mostly dead organic matter that they dissolve with enzymes, they don’t ingest.

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9
Q

Filamentous fungi are saprophytic, their digestive enzyme’s are secreted from what?

A

Vegetative hyphae

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10
Q

Example of a Conidiophore:

A

Penicillin

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11
Q

How do yeast reproduce?

A
  • Budding and fission (They undergo mitosis followed by budding)
  • Not binary fission because fission involves mitosis. Binary fission and bacteria doesn’t involve mitosis.
  • You have to have a nucleus to undergo mitosis.
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12
Q

A fungal disease, infection, is called?

A

Mycosis

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13
Q

Arthropods

A
  • Not my groups but can act as a factor is that carry a variety of my groups.
  • Transmit a lot of infections disease.
  • Eukaryotes
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14
Q

Helminths

A

Flukes
Segmented flat worms
Nematodes (Round worms) -> whip-, pin-, hook-, wiggly-

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15
Q

We have ______ in our cell membrane .

A

Cholesterol

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16
Q

What are the metabolism of fungi?

A
  • Most are obligate aerobes.

* Some facultative anaerobes like yeast

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17
Q

Superficial cutaneous fungi, those growing on top of the skin, diseases are called?

A

Tineas

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18
Q

What are the two most common types of fungal infection (yeast infection)?

A
  • Tinea

* Candida

19
Q

Algae can be ______ but lack the complexity of plants.

A

Photosynthetic

20
Q

Brown algae are commonly called?

A

Kelp

21
Q

A type of aspergillus?

A

Conidiophore

22
Q

What are the two most common type of genera of unicellular fungi?

A
  • Candida

* Saccharomyces (Used in the fermentation industry)

23
Q

How can a unicellular organism actually penetrate into a mucosa through to the submucosa?

A
  • By a sigsetion of partial buddings to form these long appendiges called “psudohyphae”
  • Never budding to completion so you don’t produce a offspring that breaks away
24
Q

You have to have a ________ to undergo mitosis.

A

Nucleus

25
Q

A mother yeast can bud A max of how many times? It can produce how many yeast?

A
  • 24x

* 25 yeast

26
Q

How can a Uni cellular organism actually penetrate into a mucosa through to the submucosa?

A
  • By a sigsetion of partial budding to form these long appendages called pseudohyphae.
  • Never budding to completion so you don’t produce a offspring that breaks away
  • Able to attack and become more invasive so they become no longer superficial, they can penetrate the tissue to a certain shallow depth.
27
Q

Yeast are capable of what type of growth?

A

Facultative anaerobic growth

28
Q

Vegetative hyphae are involved in ______ and ______

A

Catabolism

Growth

29
Q

Dimorphism

A
  • Where a fungus can be either Filamentous or unicellular
30
Q

Dimorphism, mold like produce what?

A

Vegetative and aerial hyphae

31
Q

Dimorphism, yeast like forms reproduce by?

A

Budding

32
Q

What causes dimorphic fungus to change appearance? Ex.?

A
  • CO2 concentration

* Ex: Mucor indicus

33
Q

Yeast are not fermenting machines, you give them enough oxygen and they survive by what means?

A

Aerobic respiration, it’s when you Cut the oxygen supply that they switch to a fermentative pathway

34
Q

As CO2 concentration in dimorphism goes up?

A

They go to a filamentous morphology

35
Q

Flabis

A

Produce aphlatoxin on peanuts

36
Q

Aspergillus niger

A

Form nasty fungal balls if it grows inside the lungs

37
Q

Cleviseps perpena

A

Grow on grains

Produce a toxin that gives you a hallucination high like LSD

38
Q

Ringworm is a _____ infection

A

Fungal

39
Q

Systemic fungal infection can be life threatening and get into your?

A

Central Nervous System

40
Q

Most common cutaneous infection are superficial:

A

Ringworm
Tinea Capitis
Tinea pedis (Athletes Foot)
Tinea cruris

41
Q

What type of infection does Candida cause?

A 
Candidiasis
Ex: Mucocutaneous candidiasis
      Vulvovaginal candidiasis (Thrush)
      Oropharyngeal 
      Rectoanal
42
Q

Cryphonectria parasitica

A

Killed almost every chestnut tree

43
Q

Ceratocystis ulmi

A
  • Carried by bark beetles that wiped the elm population.

* Dutch elm disease.

44
Q

Algae

A 
I. Multicellular
II. Unicellular
III. Diatoms
IV. Dinoflagellates
V. Water Molds

Microbiology (19 decks)

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