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Microbiology > Ch. 21: Microbial Disease Od Skin And Eye > Flashcards

Ch. 21: Microbial Disease Od Skin And Eye Flashcards

1
Q

What is a nasty virulence factor associated with “GAS”?

A

M protein (Sticks out like fuzz on the gas)

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2
Q

What are the most common causes of TSS?

A

Staph and Step

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3
Q

What are the pathogens that cause chickenpox and shingles?

A
  • Chickenpox: Varicella

* Shingles: Herpes Zoster

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4
Q

What kind of infection is chickenpox?

A

Acute Infection

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5
Q

What kind of infection shingles?

A

Latent Infection

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6
Q

What type of infection is herpes?

A

Latent Infection

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7
Q

What are the different types of herpes viruses?

A

HSV 1: Cold sores and fever blisters

HSV 2: Genitals all transmitted by sex

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8
Q

What do we give for herpes?

A

Acyclovir

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9
Q

Is there a vaccine for herpes?

A

No

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10
Q

Nurses are at risk for what and describe what it is?

A

Herpetic Whitlow. Herpes on the fingertips that you can contact from patients, the fingers here purpleish and have a bruise look on the fingertips

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11
Q

What’s the vaccine for measles?

A

MMR, possibly the most contagious infection disease we know of

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12
Q

At what age do children get vaccinated for measles?

A

12 months because they don’t have a robust immune system to respond to the vaccine prior to 12 months of age

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13
Q

How does airborne measles begin?

A
  • As an upper respiratory infection, begins with a macular rash which becomes popular.
  • The rash usually begins on the face and spreads downward and outward
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14
Q

From a clinical standpoint a cutaneous fungal infection can also be described as?

A

Cutaneous mycosis

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15
Q

What is a common term used for the cutaneous fungal infections?

A

Ringworm (Tinea barbae)

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16
Q

What do the formal names of cutaneous mycosis infection begin with?

A

Tinea

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17
Q

What’s Tinea pedis, capitis, cruris and unguium?

A
  • Pedis: athletes foot
  • Capitis: Head fungus
  • Cruris: Fungal infection of the genitals (groin)
  • Unguium: Fungal infection of the nails (finger/toe)
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18
Q

Name some accessory structures of the integumentary

A
  • Hair
  • Nails
  • Exocrine Glands
  • Sensory Receptors
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19
Q

What’s possibly the most contagious conjunctivitis bacteria?

A

Haemophilus Influenza

20
Q

What is herpetic keratitis caused by (the pathogen)?

A
  • HSV-1 (herpes simplex type 1 virus)
  • Infection of the cornea resulting in deep ulcers
  • Causes infections blindness
21
Q

What is herpetic keratitis treated with?

A

Trifluridine

22
Q

Staphylococcal bacteria can be broken up into two types of enzymes:

A
  • Coagulase positive

* coagulase negative

23
Q

Name the most famous coagulase negative staff:

A
  • Staph aureus
  • Boils, impetigo (A skin infection characterized as brown crusty lesions)
  • TSS (Toxic Shock Syndrome, which is caused by a toxin)
  • SSS (Scalded Skin Syndrome, top layers of the epidermis peels off, caused by a exfoliating toxin)
24
Q

What’s the most common genus species associated with streptococcal skin infection?

A

Streptococcal Pyogens

25
Q

Pediculosis (Lice): An anthropod

What are the egg sacs called?

A

Nit, what immature lice pop out of

26
Q

How do the lice pop out of the egg sac?

A

Take gulp in air and blow it out there anus, like a champagne cork

27
Q

The healthcare community is concerned about super lice that have become resistant to?

A

Pyrethrins, medication that knocks them out at the larvae stage

28
Q

Conjunctivitis

A
  • Inflammation of the conjunctiva (pinkeye)
  • Bacterial is worse than the virus
  • Caused by haemophilus influenzae
29
Q

Fungal Keratitis

A
  • Filamentous fungi growing on the conjunctiva

* Caused by not disinfecting or changing out contact lenses and by fusarium fungi

30
Q

What does Fungal Keratitis cause?

A

Fusarium, resistant to several drugs, tough to knock out

31
Q

How is Fungal Keratitis treated?

A

Natamycin

32
Q

The pathogen that causes pediculodis (lice)?

A

Pediculus Human Capitis

33
Q

What pathogen causes trachoma?

A

Chlamydia trachomatis

34
Q

What is strep pyogenes known as in a clinical setting

A

Group A Strep (GAS)

35
Q

What happens after the lesions of chickenpox clear up?

A

The virus often migrates close to the spinal cord along the sensory nerves

36
Q

Where does shingles hang out?

A
  • Dorsal root ganglion, which are just outside the spinal cord.
  • It’s where the cell bodies of the sensory nerves are congregated
  • The ganglion are just outside the spinal cord. They hang out in those neurons and cell bodies dormant, sometimes in the future there’s a triggering events where they migrate back out to the site on the skin where the lesions appear
37
Q

Where does herpes hang out?

A

It migrates along the facial cranial nerves, the trigeminal nerve ganglion dormant, until periodic episodes and migrates back and forms the lesions

38
Q

Infections by HSV 2 encephalitis has a mortality rates as high as_______, and if you survive you’ll probably have some type of brain damage

A

70%

39
Q

Where can you get herpes infection?

A

In the eye, passing through the birth canal

40
Q

What’s one indicator of measles besides the rash?

A

Koplik spots in the throat, red spots that have a bluish white center (found only in measles)

41
Q

Measles is caused by what pathogen?

A

Measles virus

42
Q

What pathogen causes pediculodis (lice)?

A

Pediculus Humanus Capitis

43
Q

What pathogen causes candidiasis?

A

Candida albicans

44
Q

What are some types of candida?

A
  • Vaginosis
  • Oral (thrush)
  • Obese individuals have it within their skin folds (breast/fat)
  • Oropharyngeal
45
Q

What kind of pneumonia is strep pneumoniae referred to in a clinical setting?

A

Pneumococcal

46
Q

Measles (Rubeola) facts:

A
  • High mortality rate worldwide
  • No animal reservoir, seems to be an exclusively human disease
  • Very contagious and respiratory transmission
  • Leaving childhood killer
47
Q

Scabies

A

Mites, it’s mange in dogs

Microbiology (19 decks)

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