Ch. 21: Microbial Disease Od Skin And Eye Flashcards
What is a nasty virulence factor associated with “GAS”?
M protein (Sticks out like fuzz on the gas)
What are the most common causes of TSS?
Staph and Step
What are the pathogens that cause chickenpox and shingles?
- Chickenpox: Varicella
* Shingles: Herpes Zoster
What kind of infection is chickenpox?
Acute Infection
What kind of infection shingles?
Latent Infection
What type of infection is herpes?
Latent Infection
What are the different types of herpes viruses?
HSV 1: Cold sores and fever blisters
HSV 2: Genitals all transmitted by sex
What do we give for herpes?
Acyclovir
Is there a vaccine for herpes?
No
Nurses are at risk for what and describe what it is?
Herpetic Whitlow. Herpes on the fingertips that you can contact from patients, the fingers here purpleish and have a bruise look on the fingertips
What’s the vaccine for measles?
MMR, possibly the most contagious infection disease we know of
At what age do children get vaccinated for measles?
12 months because they don’t have a robust immune system to respond to the vaccine prior to 12 months of age
How does airborne measles begin?
- As an upper respiratory infection, begins with a macular rash which becomes popular.
- The rash usually begins on the face and spreads downward and outward
From a clinical standpoint a cutaneous fungal infection can also be described as?
Cutaneous mycosis
What is a common term used for the cutaneous fungal infections?
Ringworm (Tinea barbae)
What do the formal names of cutaneous mycosis infection begin with?
Tinea
What’s Tinea pedis, capitis, cruris and unguium?
- Pedis: athletes foot
- Capitis: Head fungus
- Cruris: Fungal infection of the genitals (groin)
- Unguium: Fungal infection of the nails (finger/toe)
Name some accessory structures of the integumentary
- Hair
- Nails
- Exocrine Glands
- Sensory Receptors
What’s possibly the most contagious conjunctivitis bacteria?
Haemophilus Influenza
What is herpetic keratitis caused by (the pathogen)?
- HSV-1 (herpes simplex type 1 virus)
- Infection of the cornea resulting in deep ulcers
- Causes infections blindness
What is herpetic keratitis treated with?
Trifluridine
Staphylococcal bacteria can be broken up into two types of enzymes:
- Coagulase positive
* coagulase negative
Name the most famous coagulase negative staff:
- Staph aureus
- Boils, impetigo (A skin infection characterized as brown crusty lesions)
- TSS (Toxic Shock Syndrome, which is caused by a toxin)
- SSS (Scalded Skin Syndrome, top layers of the epidermis peels off, caused by a exfoliating toxin)
What’s the most common genus species associated with streptococcal skin infection?
Streptococcal Pyogens
Pediculosis (Lice): An anthropod
What are the egg sacs called?
Nit, what immature lice pop out of
How do the lice pop out of the egg sac?
Take gulp in air and blow it out there anus, like a champagne cork
The healthcare community is concerned about super lice that have become resistant to?
Pyrethrins, medication that knocks them out at the larvae stage
Conjunctivitis
- Inflammation of the conjunctiva (pinkeye)
- Bacterial is worse than the virus
- Caused by haemophilus influenzae
Fungal Keratitis
- Filamentous fungi growing on the conjunctiva
* Caused by not disinfecting or changing out contact lenses and by fusarium fungi
What does Fungal Keratitis cause?
Fusarium, resistant to several drugs, tough to knock out
How is Fungal Keratitis treated?
Natamycin
The pathogen that causes pediculodis (lice)?
Pediculus Human Capitis
What pathogen causes trachoma?
Chlamydia trachomatis
What is strep pyogenes known as in a clinical setting
Group A Strep (GAS)
What happens after the lesions of chickenpox clear up?
The virus often migrates close to the spinal cord along the sensory nerves
Where does shingles hang out?
- Dorsal root ganglion, which are just outside the spinal cord.
- It’s where the cell bodies of the sensory nerves are congregated
- The ganglion are just outside the spinal cord. They hang out in those neurons and cell bodies dormant, sometimes in the future there’s a triggering events where they migrate back out to the site on the skin where the lesions appear
Where does herpes hang out?
It migrates along the facial cranial nerves, the trigeminal nerve ganglion dormant, until periodic episodes and migrates back and forms the lesions
Infections by HSV 2 encephalitis has a mortality rates as high as_______, and if you survive you’ll probably have some type of brain damage
70%
Where can you get herpes infection?
In the eye, passing through the birth canal
What’s one indicator of measles besides the rash?
Koplik spots in the throat, red spots that have a bluish white center (found only in measles)
Measles is caused by what pathogen?
Measles virus
What pathogen causes pediculodis (lice)?
Pediculus Humanus Capitis
What pathogen causes candidiasis?
Candida albicans
What are some types of candida?
- Vaginosis
- Oral (thrush)
- Obese individuals have it within their skin folds (breast/fat)
- Oropharyngeal
What kind of pneumonia is strep pneumoniae referred to in a clinical setting?
Pneumococcal
Measles (Rubeola) facts:
- High mortality rate worldwide
- No animal reservoir, seems to be an exclusively human disease
- Very contagious and respiratory transmission
- Leaving childhood killer
Scabies
Mites, it’s mange in dogs
