ch 22 respiratory system p2 Flashcards
respiratory volumes
amount of air that can be pushed into and out of lungs during ventilation
tidal volume
normal volume of air that moves into and out of lungs during normal breathing, 500 mL air
IRV inspiratory reserve volume
amount of air that can be inspired forcibly past tidal volume. 2100-3000 mL air breathe in until iu can’t
ERV expiratory reserve volume
amount of air that can be forced from lungs after normal tidal volume expiration 1000-1200 mL air
force air out until u can’t
RV residual reserve
amount of air left in lungs after forced expiration 1200 mL
can the lungs be void of all air
no, lungs can never be empty of air- even in dead
respiratory capacities
sum of two or more respiratory volumes.
inspiratory capacity IC
total amount of air that can be inspired after normal tidal volume expiration, how much air we can force in after we breathe out
IC=
TV plus IRV
functional residual capacity FRC
amount of air remaining in lungs after normal tidal volume expiration,
FRC=
RV plus ERV
vital capacity
total amount of exchangeable air
VC=
TV + IRV + ERV
what volume does not contribute to vital capacity
residual volume, it never leaves the lungs so it can’t contribute
total lung. capacity TLC
the total amount of air the lungs can hold after maximum inhalation, 6 L
TLC =
IRV + TV + ERV + RV
deadspace
air that fills conducting zone, but never contribute to gas exchange
anatomical dead space
150 mL air
what is the total volume used for gas exchange
350 mL for the exchange (500 from TV - dead space 150 mL)
alveolar dead space
air reaches alveoli but no gas exchange occurs. due to localized damage or alveoli collapse. ex smoking damage or mucus blockage temporary
total dead space
anatomical dead + alveolar dead, all non useful volumes
daltons law of partial pressure
total pressure exerted by a mixture of gases is sum of pressures exerted independently by each gas in the mixture
daltons law for dummies
total atm pressure = pressure of different gases that make up the air we breathe
how much N and O air in the air we breathe
N 79
O 20.9
rest is CO2 and water vapor