Ch. 22: Key Terms Flashcards
This invention, invented by Hargreaves, was simple and inexpensive. In early models, from 6-24 spindles were mounted on a sliding carriage and each spindle spun a fine slender thread. The women moved the carriage back and fourth with one hand and turned a wheel to supply power with the other.
Spinning Jenny 1765
This term was first coined by awed contemporaries in the 1830’s to describe the burst of major inventions and technical changes they witnessed in certain industries.
Industrial Revolution
This invention, invented by Arkwright, quickly acquired a capacity of seven hundred spindles and demanded much more power…. Water power. This invention required large mills, factories that employed as many ass one thousand workers.
Water Frame
An expensive linen cloth where only the wealthy could afford the comfort and cleanliness of underwear.
Body Linen
A breakthrough invention by Thomas Savery in 1698 and Thomas Newcomen in 1705 that both burned coal to produce steam which was then used to operate a pump, although inefficient they were still used successfully in English and Scottish mines.
Steam Engine
A form of coal that was unlimited in supply and therefore easier and better to use.
Coke
The name given to George Stephensons effective locomotive that was first tested in 1830 on the Liverpool and Manchester Railway at 16 miles per hour.
Rocket
The location of the Great Exposition in 1851 in London, an architectural masterpiece made entirely of glass and iron, both of which were now cheap and abundance.
Crystal Palace
Because of the pressure of population growth, wages would always sink to subsistence level, meaning that wages would be just high enough to keep workers from starving.
Iron of wages
a governments way of supporting and aiding their own economy by laying high tariffs on the cheaper, imported goods of another country, ex . when France responded to cheaper British goods flooding their country with high tariffs on British imports.
Tariff protection
conflicting classes existed, in part, because many individuals came to believe they existed and developed an appropriate sense of class feeling.
Class-Consciousness
handicraft workers who attacked whole factories in northern England in 1812 and after smashing the new machines that they believed were putting them out of work.
Luddites
this act limited the factory workday for children between nice and thirteen to eight hours and that of adolescents between fourteen and eighteen to twelve hours. Children under nine were to be enrolled in elementary schools.
Factory Act of 1833
Prohibited underground work for all women including boys under 10
Mines Act of 1842
Passed in 1794, these acts outlawed unions and strikes. It repealed in 1824.
Combination Acts
