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Patient Care > Ch. 22 > Flashcards

Ch. 22 Flashcards

1
Q

Ampule

A

Small sealed glass container that holds a single dose of parenteral solution in a sterile condition

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2
Q

Angiocath

A

Catheter inserted directly into the vein for drug administration

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3
Q

Bolus

A

Concentrated mass of pharmaceutical preparation

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4
Q

Buccal

A

Pertaining to the inside of the cheek

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5
Q

Drip infusion

A

Intravenous infusion of a large amount of fluid over a certain period

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6
Q

Enteral

A

Within the gastrointestinal tract

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7
Q

Extravasation

A

Discharge or escape of fluid from a vessel into the surrounding tissue that can cause localized vasoconstriction, resulting in sloughing of tissue and tissue necrosis if not reversed with an antidote

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8
Q

Intra dermal

A

Within or between the layers of skin

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9
Q

Intramuscular

A

Within the muscle tissue

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10
Q

Intravenous

A

Within a vein

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11
Q

Intravenous Injection

A

Medicine that is delivered by intravenous push, (rapid delivery) or intravenous infusion (slow drip of medication over a period of time) directly into the vein

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12
Q

Parenteral or Parenterally

A

Drug administration by a route other than GI tract, typically by injection through the skin

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13
Q

Rectal

A

Inserted into the rectum

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14
Q

Subcutaneous

A

Beneath the skin

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15
Q

Sublingual

A

Beneath the tongue

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16
Q

Topical

A

Applied to a certain area of the skin and affecting only the area to which it is applied

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17
Q

Transdermal

A

Entering through the skin

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18
Q

Venipuncture

A

Puncture of a vein

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19
Q

Vial

A

Small class bottle containing multiple doses of a drug

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20
Q

What are the five rights?

A

Right Drug
Right Amount
Right Patient
Right Time
Right Route

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21
Q

The metric system is based on units of ____ .
The most common units that a we may encounter are ___ , ___ , & ___ .

A
  • 10
  • Liter, Meter, Gram
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22
Q

What are liquids usually measured in?

A

Milliliter (mL) equivalent to a liter

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23
Q

List the four drug administration by Enteral Routes:

A

Oral
Sublingual
Buccal
Rectal

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24
Q

Oral administration, Explain what it is:

Can you hand a patient oral medication, then leave the room before they have taken it?

A

-Also known as PO (by mouth)
-Most common method of drug administration
-taken by mouth and swallowed, then absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract (GI)
The patient must be conscious and the head should be elevated
-Absorption time is longer

  • NO, ensure meds are completely consumed before leaving the room
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25
Q

Define the sublingual route:

What is a common drug given using the sublingual route?

A
  • The drug is placed under the tongue and allowed to dissolve. Drugs should not be swallowed

-Nitroglycerin
- This allows for rapid absorption

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26
Q

Define the Buccal route:

Most common buccal administered drug:

A

The drug is placed against the mucous membranes of the cheek of the upper or lower jaw for local dissolution and absorption
- Lozenge

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27
Q

Define rectal administration:

A

This is an option when the patient is not capable of taking a drug orally. The radiologic technologist will have little to no reason to administer a drug rectally.
Absorption rates vary and are difficult to gage effectiveness

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28
Q

The term parenteral means that the drug is administered by a route other than the GI tract, typically by ____

A

injection using a syringe or needle

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29
Q

What are the four routes that parenteral drugs can be administered?

A
  • Intradermal (ID)
  • Intramuscular (IM)
  • With rapid onset of action, Subcutaneous (SQ or Sub-O)
  • Intravenous (IV)
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30
Q

List the 3 parts of a syringe:

A
  1. Tip
  2. Barrel
  3. Plunger
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31
Q

List the 3 parts of the needle tip

A
  1. Hub
  2. Cannula or shaft
  3. Bevel
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32
Q

Ensure the bevel of the needle is always __ before insertion into the patient.

A

Up

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33
Q

For average-sized patients, What angle is used for subcutaneous injection?

A

45 degrees

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34
Q

What angle is used for intramuscular injection?

A

90-degree angle

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35
Q

If the drug is administered parenterally, what should be documented?

A

Site of injection

36
Q

What is the most common legal problem where radiologic technologists are involved?

A

Errors associated with drug administration

37
Q

Who has a published DO NOT USE list of abbreviations?

A

The Joint Commission

38
Q

Enteral routes include: (4)

A

Oral, sublingual, buccal, and rectal

39
Q

Which is the most common method of drug administration?

A

Oral

40
Q

What does PO mean?

A

By mouth

41
Q

Where is the drug placed during a sublingual administration?
How long does absorption take?

A

Under the tongue
Rapid absorption

42
Q

What is a common sublingual medication?

A

nitroglycerine

43
Q

What is a common buccal drug given?

A

Lozenge

44
Q

Parenteral drugs can be administered 4 different ways:

A

Intradermal, intramuscular, subcutaneous, intravenous

45
Q

Should you use an aseptic technique when drugs are administered with a needle?

A

YES!

46
Q

Why is infection control so important when delivering drugs parenterally?

A

Breaking the skin’s protective covering with the needle increases the risk of infection

47
Q

What 2 things can happen if a drug is injected incorrectly?

A

Nerve damage or introduce microorganisms

48
Q

Name the 3 parts of a syringe:

A

The tip, the barrel, the plunger

49
Q

Name the 3 parts of a needle:

A

The hub, the shaft, the bevel

50
Q

What is the tip of a syringe?

A

Where the needle attaches

51
Q

What is the plunger of a syringe?

A

The inside part that fits into the barrel

51
Q

What is the barrel of a syringe?

A

Where the calibration scales are printed and what holds the medication

52
Q

What is the hub of a needle?

A

The part that attaches to the syringe

53
Q

What is the shaft of a needle?

A

The length of the metal part

54
Q

What is the bevel of a needle?

A

The slanted part of the needle that separated the tissues for the needle to pass through

55
Q

AC means:

A

Before Meals

55
Q

Bid means:

A

Twice a day

56
Q

Ć means:

A

With

57
Q

Et means:

A

And

58
Q

G means:

A

Gram

59
Q

Gtt means:

A

Drop(s)

60
Q

H means:

A

Hour

61
Q

Hs means:

A

At bedtime

62
Q

Hypo:

A

Hypodermic(ally)

63
Q

IM:

A

Intramuscular (ly)

64
Q

IV:

A

Intravenous(ly)

65
Q

Routes of drug administration:

A

Enteral: Oral, Sublingual, Rectal
Parenteral
Topical
Inhalation

66
Q

The most common unit of liquid medications is ____, which is equivalent to a liter.

A

Milliliter

67
Q

Absorption time for oral administration is ___ because absorption takes places along the entire length of the GI tract.

A

Longer

68
Q

Drugs administrated sublingual should not be _____. This route allows for ___ absorption for immediate onset of action.

A
  • Swallowed
  • Rapid
69
Q

The parental method is a valuable method for administering drugs in an ____

A

Emergency!

70
Q

All forms of parenteral administration require the use of __, ___, and __

A

Needle
Syringe
Container

71
Q

What are the different types of syringes? (4)

A

Standard Hypodermic Syringe
Insulin Syringe
Tuberculin Syringe
Prefilled Syringe

72
Q

The gauge (G) of a needle refers to:
Measuring from____

A

The thickness or diameter of the needle
- 14 to 28

73
Q

The length of a needle refers to the:

Measuring from_____

A

Measurement in inches of the shaft portion
- 0.25 to 5 inches

74
Q

The smaller the diameter of the shaft or the finer the needle is, the ____ the gauge number will be.

A

Larger

75
Q

An _____ is a safer device compared with other systems to use when performing venipuncture.

A

Angiocath

76
Q

____ bevel for intramuscular or subcutaneous injections.

A

Long

77
Q

____ bevel for intravenous injection

A

Short

78
Q

mg means:

A

Milligram

79
Q

mL means:

A

Milliliter

80
Q

mm means:

A

Millimeter

81
Q

pc:

A

Aftermeals

82
Q

qh:
q2h:
q3h:
qid:

A

Every Hour
Every Two Hours
Every Three Hours
Four Times a Day

83
Q

SC means:

A

Subcutaneous

84
Q

tid means:

A

three times a day

Patient Care (10 decks)

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