Ch 20 Fire Ralated Emergencies, Incinerators, Oil Burners, And Gas Leaks Flashcards
Natural gas is primarily what? Pg 495
Methane (more than 90%) and it behaves much like pure methane. It contains other gases as well, including ethane (up to 5%), carbon dioxide, and nitrogen.
Gas vapor density is what? Pg 496
.60 lighter than that of air
Natural gas emergencies can be divided into the following three basic categories? Pg 496
Inside leaks, outside leaks and leaks resulting from fires.
Gas is received by the local utilities at various points along the pipeline called what? Pg 497
City gate stations
In newer systems, the pressure in the street mains is what? Pg 497
Higher, between 2 1/2 and 60 psi, and is termed high pressure gas.
The first priority in report of a gas leak should be to notify who? Pg 499
Notify the utility
Vapor density of propane is what? Pg 505
1.52
What is the vapor density of butane? Pg 505
2.01
Propane has a wider explosive range than gasoline which is? Pg 506
2.1% LEL and 9.5% upper explosive limit
A vapor air explosion is far more devastating than what? Pg 507
Than a leak that ignites immediately or even a cylinder that BLEVEs.
For any BLEVE incident make sure you clear the area how many feet? Pg 509
150 feet in all directions
Heating systems account for about how many percent of all fires? Pg 510
20%
No. 1 oil is what? Pg 510
Lightest of the fuel oils, has a minimum flash point of 100 degrees Fahrenheit and is similar to kerosene.
No. 2 oil is what? Pg 510
Is the most common oil for one and two family homes. It has a minimum flash point of 100 degrees Fahrenheit, but has more impurities than No. 1.
No. 3 oil is what? Pg 510
A former intermediate grade, is no longer commonly used.
No. 4 oil is what? Pg 510
May be used in midsize applications, apartment buildings, and factories; it has a somewhat higher minimum flash point of 130 degrees Fahrenheit.
What is the heaviest heating oil? Pg 510
No. 6 oil
Both No. 5 and 6 are primarily used where? Pg 510
industrial oils used in large plants and apartment complexes.
The components of an oil burner are divided in the following two systems? Pg 511
Oil handling and control
What is the oil handling system? 511
The most common oil burner is the high pressure gun type, which combines several functions.
What is the control system, pg 511
The main or primary control features a starting circuit and a running circuit that control the operation of the fuel pump, fan, and igniter.
What are the 2 common limit switches that you may encounter? Pg 512
Pressuretrol and the aquastat
What is the pressuretrol? Pg 512
Used to sense pressure within a stream system, may have a minimum as well as the maximum setting.
What is a aquastats? Pg 512
Found on steam and hot water systems
What is the first and probably the easiest, problem to handle? Pg 512
Smoking burner
The second condition to which firefighters are often called is what? Pg 512
Delayed ignition, sometimes called puff back or kickback
What is a white ghost? Pg 513
Is a cloud of vaporized oil and air heated above its flash point and out of its container, looking for a source of ignition.
Black smoke suggest what? Pg 515
Presence of burning petroleum based products.
Common class A materials produce what? Pg 515
Gray to light brown when oxygen is present. When less than sufficient oxygen is available, large amounts of dark gray or yellow gray some are produced.
Incinerator shafts are common where? Pg 518
In many older, multistory buildings. They allow rubbish to be dropped through a fire resistant door into a chimney to be burned at the base of the shaft.
What does the gas detector express the concentration of gas in the air in?
p. 499-500
Percentage of the lower explosive limit
To what fraction of its original volume does liquefied propane gas shrink when it is put under compressive force? p. 507
1/270
Which statement is NOT correct regarding compactors? p. 518-519
Smoke coming from the hopper door is no cause for concern
What is the first step that should be taken when responding to a call for an “explosion in the cellar” where an oil burner is present? p. 513
Shut off the remote control
What should be used to approach the valve during a large fire involving natural gas outside? p. 504
Fog stream
In which type of piping should firefighters never be allowed to try and stop a gas leak? p. 504
Plastic
Which stage of fire is indicated by thin, wispy smoke that is usually light in color? p. 515
Incipient
Which is a far more devastating event during an LPG incident? p. 507
Fuel-air explosion
What part of the buildings in the surrounding area should be checked when there is an underground natural gas leak? p. 503
Basements
What is almost always the next event that occurs after ignition of the gas from an LPG cylinder? pg. 508
Gas cylinder is exposed
Where does the smoke tend to push out of the incinerator chute when a large piece of debris blocks the escape of smoke and gases? p. 518
Floors below the blockage
Which type of gas leak has the greatest risk because of the potential for explosion? p. 496
Interior
What type of smoke is found at fires in sprinklered areas? p. 516
Low hanging
Where within the oil burner system does the stack switch sense the presence of heat? p. 512
Smoke pipe
At what percent concentration can natural gas be smelled in the air? p. 495
1%
What must be done if you smell smoke before you leave the
location? p. 517
Locate the source
How much of its strength has the steel in the cylinder lost when it is heated to 1,500^F? p. 508
1/2
What is the minimum flash point of No. 2 oil which is used in one- and two-family homes? p. 510
100^F
Which should be avoided when battling a fire in a chimney? p. 521
Standard hose nozzles
Which is the most common of the limit controls in the oil burner? p. 512
Thermostat
After what passage of time will the safety circuit operate if the igniter fails to light in the oil burner? p. 511
90 seconds
What should be used to shield responders when during gas
emergencies? p. 503
Apparatus
What is the preferred number of meters to use when checking an area for combustible gas? p. 503
Two
To what pressure will the city gate stations reduce the pressure in the gas pipeline? p. 497
60-150 psi
Which should NOT be done when there is a fire involving the gas piping indoors? p. 504
Extinguish the flame at the leak
Failure of which regulator on the natural gas line brings with it the potential for mass disaster and casualties? p. 498
District
What used to be in manufactured gas that made it toxic? p. 498
Carbon monoxide
What is usually sufficient when venting natural gas from a building?
p. 502
Opening windows
In less than what amount of time did the full 20-pound cylinders exposed to direct-flame impingement on the vapor space burn themselves out during tests held at the Nassau
County Fire Academy on Long Island?
p. 510
20 minutes
What is most often the cause of the BLEVE? p. 508
Loss of strength where the cylinder is being heated
