Ch 20

Question 1

Which of the following is produced only by large amounts of glucocorticoids?
A. Normal responsiveness of fat depots to norepinephrine
B. Maintenance of normal vascular reactivity
C. Increased excretion of a water load
D. Inhibition of the inflammatory response
E. Inhibition of ACTH secretion

Answer 1

D. Inhibition of the inflammatory response

Question 2

Which of the following are INCORRECTLY paired?
A. Gluconeogenesis : Cortisol
B. Free fatty acid mobilization : Dehydroepiandrosterone
C. Muscle glycogenolysis : Epinephrine
D. Kaliuresis : Aldosterone
E. Hepatic glycogenesis : Insulin

Answer 2

B. Free fatty acid mobilization : Dehydroepiandrosterone

Question 3

Which of the following hormones has the shortest plasma half-life?
A. Corticosterone
B. Renin
C. Dehydroepiandrosterone 
D. Aldosterone
E. Norepinephrine

Answer 3

E. Norepinephrine

Question 4

Mole for mole, which of the following has the greatest effect on Na+ excretion?
A. Progesterone
B. Cortisol
C. Vasopressin
D. Aldosterone
E. Dehydroepiandrosterone

Answer 4

D. Aldosterone

Question 5

Mole for mole, which of the following has the greatest effect on plasma osmolality?
A. Progesterone 
B. Cortisol
C. Vasopressin 
D. Aldosterone
E. Dehydroepiandrosterone

Answer 5

C. Vasopressin

Question 6

The secretion of which of the following would be LEAST affected by a decrease in extracellular fluid volume?
A. CRH
B. Arginine vasopressin
C. Dehydroepiandrosterone
D. Estrogens
E. Aldosterone

Answer 6

D. Estrogens

Question 7

A young man presents with a blood pressure of 175/110 mm Hg. He is found to have a high circulating aldosterone but a
low circulating cortisol. Glucocorticoid treatment lowers
his circulating aldosterone and lowers his blood pressure to 140/85 mm Hg. He probably has an abnormal
A. 17α-hydroxylase.
B. 21β-hydroxylase.
C. 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase.
D. aldosterone synthase.
E. cholesterol desmolase.

Answer 7

D. aldosterone synthase.

Question 8

A 32-year-old woman presents with a blood pressure of 155/96 mm Hg. In response to questioning, she admits that she loves licorice and eats some at least three times a week. She probably has a low level of
A. type 2 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity.
B. ACTH.
C. 11β-hydroxylase activity.
D. glucuronyl transferase.
E. norepinephrine.

Answer 8

A. type 2 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity.

Question 9

In its action in cells, aldosterone
A. increases transport of ENaCs from the cytoplasm to the cell membrane.
B. does not act on the cell membrane.
C. binds to a receptor excluded from the nucleus.
D. may activate a heat shock protein.
E. also binds to glucocorticoid receptors.

Answer 9

A. increases transport of ENaCs from the cytoplasm to the cell membrane.