Ch 1

Question 1

The membrane potential of a particular cell is at the K+ equilibrium. The intracellular concentration for K+ is at 150 mmol/L and the extracellular concentration for K+ is at 5.5 mmol/L. What is the resting potential?

A. –70 mV
B. –90 mV
C. +70 mV
D. +90 mV

Answer 1

B. –90 mV

Question 2

The difference in concentration of H+ in a solution of pH2.0 compared with one of pH 7.0 is

A. 5-fold
B. 1/5 as much
C. 10^5-fold
D. 10^–5 as much

Answer 2

C. 10^5-fold

Question 3

Transcription refers to

A. the process where an mRNA is used as a template for protein production.
B. the process where a DNA sequence is copied into RNA for the purpose of gene expression.
C. the process where DNA wraps around histones to form a nucleosome.
D. the process of replication of DNA prior to cell division.

Answer 3

B. the process where a DNA sequence is copied into RNA for the purpose of gene expression.

Question 4

The primary structure of a protein refers to

A. the twist, folds, or twist and folds of the amino acid sequence into stabilized structures within the protein (ie, α-helices and β-sheets).
B. the arrangement of subunits to form a functional structure.
C. the amino acid sequence of the protein.
D. the arrangement of twisted chains and folds within a protein
into a stable structure.

Answer 4

C. the amino acid sequence of the protein.

Question 5

Fill in the blanks: Glycogen is a storage form of glucose. _______ refers to the process of making glycogen and _______.

A. glycogenolysis, glycogenesis
B. glycolysis, glycogenolysis
C. glycogenesis, glycogenolysis
D. glycogenolysis, glycolysis

Answer 5

C. glycogenesis, glycogenolysis

Question 6

The major lipoprotein source of the cholesterol used in cells is

A. chylomicrons
B. intermediate-density lipoproteins (IDL)
C. albumin-bound free fatty acids
D. low-density lipoproteins (LDL)
E. high-density lipoproteins (HDL)

Answer 6

D. low-density lipoproteins (LDL)

Question 7

Which of the following produces the most high-energy phosphate compounds?

A. Aerobic metabolism of 1 mol of glucose
B. Anaerobic metabolism of 1 mol of glucose
C. Metabolism of 1 mol of galactose
D. Metabolism of 1 mol of amino acid
E. Metabolism of 1 mol of long-chain fatty acid

Answer 7

E. Metabolism of 1 mol of long-chain fatty acid

Question 8

When LDL enters cells by receptor-mediated endocytosis,
which of the following does not occur?
A. Decrease in the formation of cholesterol from mevalonic acid
B. Increase in the intracellular concentration of cholesteryl esters
C. Increase in the transfer of cholesterol from the cell to HDL
D. Decrease in the rate of synthesis of LDL receptors
E. Decrease in the cholesterol in endosomes

Answer 8

E. Decrease in the cholesterol in endosomes