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APUSH > Ch 20-21 > Flashcards

Ch 20-21 Flashcards

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0
Q

What did elections often come down to?

A

A few key states, ex: NY, Illinois, and Ohio

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1
Q

As far as voter loyalty, the guilder age saw…

A

People rarely shifted loyalty from one party to another

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2
Q

What political party did the north predominantly belong to?

A

Republican

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3
Q

What political party did the South predominantly belong to?

A

Democrats

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4
Q

This political party had more widespread support throughout the states than the other

A

Democrats

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5
Q

What did the Democratic Party want as far as the role of the federal government?

A

States rights and a decentralized government

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6
Q

What did the Democratic Party want as far as tariffs went?

A

Lower tariffs

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7
Q

What regions most predominantly made up the Democratic Party?

A

South and Southwest

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8
Q

What type of people most likely were to vote for the democrats?

A

Farmers, immigrants, and the working pool

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9
Q

Why did the working class vote democratic?

A

They saw job competition with African Americans

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10
Q

What did the Republican Party advocate for?

A

Civil rights and an increase in the role of government

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11
Q

Where did the majority of republicans live?

A

North

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12
Q

How did the republicans want to stimulate industry?

A

Higher protective tariffs and subsidies

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13
Q

What did the majority of republicans think about tariffs?

A

Majority wanted higher tariffs, however, some wanted to lower tariffs

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14
Q

What party one the majority of elections during the gilded age?

A

Republicans

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15
Q

Who’s presidency marked the end of reconstruction?

A

Rutherford B Hayes

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16
Q

Who was the only president elected twice in non consecutive terms? Hint: he was also the only democratic president during the gilded age

A

Cleveland

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17
Q

Who went into office after the assassination of president Garfield ?

A

Chester A Arthur

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18
Q

Who went into office after the assassination of McKinley?

A

Teddy Roosevelt

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19
Q

What voting trends were seen during the gilded age?

A

High voter turnout (white males)

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20
Q

What tactics kept African Americans from exercising their legal right to vote?

A

Poll tax, literacy tests, eight boxes

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21
Q

What resulted from the impeachment of president Johnson?

A

Diminished presidential strength

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22
Q

After reconstruction, people shifted their attention from the federal government to ___________

A

Local governments

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23
Q

This person dominated NY politics during the gilded age, he believed strongly in the spoils system

A

Roscoe Conkling

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24
Q

Who won the election of 1880?

A

James Garfield

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25
Q

Who was the democratic candidate and loser in the election of 1880?

A

Winfeild Hancock

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26
Q

What was Garfield plan to unite the Republican Party?

A

Lower some tariffs

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27
Q

Who assassinated president Garfield?

A

Charles Guiteau

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28
Q

Why did Charles Guiteau assassinate Garfield?

A

He was upset he had not been given a chance in office

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29
Q

Regarding tariffs, what did Chester A Arthur do once he got into office?

A

Continue trying to lower tariffs

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30
Q

This act passed by Chester A Arthur dealt with how government jobs were given out

A

Pendleton act

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31
Q

What did the Pendleton act set up that derailed the spoils system?

A

Civil service commission

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32
Q

Who were the presidential candidates in the election of 1884?

A

Grover Cleveland and James Blaine

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33
Q

Who won the election of 1884?

A

Grover Cleveland

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34
Q

What did Cleveland look to do in his first term in office?

A

Cut federal governments activities and involvement in economy and business, laissez faire approach

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35
Q

This act passed by Cleveland was the first attempt of the federal government to regulate business, especially railroads. It did away with rebates upon other things

A

Interstate commerce act

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36
Q

What did the interstate commerce act set up?

A

Commerce commission

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37
Q

What was the main issue in the election of 1888?

A

Tariffs

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38
Q

Who were the two candidates in the election of 1888?

A

Cleveland and Harrison

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39
Q

Why did Cleveland lose the election of 1888?

A

Republicans used his dislike of tariffs against him, said he was trying to undermine industry

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40
Q

Who got a majority of the popular vote in 1888?

A

Cleveland

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41
Q

Who got the majority in the electoral college?

A

Harrison

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42
Q

What was suggested about Harrison’s election into office?

A

Perhaps he had won some votes in the north by coercion and persuasion

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43
Q

Not only did the republicans win the presidency, but they also______

A

Won both houses of congress

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44
Q

What was a consequence of the republicans winning the house & senate ?

A

Able to pass legislation easier

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45
Q

First attempt to try to break up big business and regulate business activity

A

Sherman anti trust act

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46
Q

What was the problem of the Sherman anti trust act?

A

It was to vague and left in the hands of the courts, which weakened it

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47
Q

This famous Supreme Court case crippled the Sherman anti trust act by making a distinction between commerce and manufacturing

A

United States vs. E.C Knight Co

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48
Q

This tariff raised the tariffs to 4% higher than it had ever been before

A

McKinley tariff

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49
Q

Who put forth the McKinley tariff?

A

William McKinley

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50
Q

This act passed in 1878 kept the monitization of silver

A

Bland Allison Act

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51
Q

His act, passed in 1890, continues the limited use of silver, thus keeping the US on a bimetallic system

A

Sherman Silver Purchase Act

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52
Q

Who did the Sherman Silver Purchase Act please?

A

The South and West

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53
Q

Who did the Sherman Silver Purchase Act dismay?

A

NE

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54
Q

What did the democrats call the republican congress because of all of the spending it did?

A

Billion dollar congress

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55
Q

What causes the republicans to undergo huge setbacks and lose control of the house in the 1890 elections?

A

Growth of the Gov and Federal Power

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56
Q

Who were the democratic and republican candidates in the election of 1892?

A

Grover Cleveland (D) and Benjamin Harrison (R)

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57
Q

Who did the Populist Party nominate as a candidate during the election of 1892?

A

James B Weaver

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58
Q

What did the peoples party platform entail?

A
  • Gov would take over railroads, telephones, and telegraphs,
  • remonetization of silver
  • direct elections of senators rather than states deciding
  • secret ballot
  • immigration restriction
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59
Q

Who did the peoples part represent?

A

Farmers and westerners

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60
Q

What did the peoples party grow out of?

A

Alliance system

61
Q

Who won the election of 1892?

A

Grover Cleveland

62
Q

This was a period of economic mayhem

A

The panic of 1893

63
Q

What caused the panic of 1893?

A

Industry grew to quickly, people borrowed too much money, outgrew markets, etc

64
Q

What debate arose from the panic of 1893?

A

What was the role of the gov?

65
Q

This person led 300 marchers from Ohio to Washington DC to try together funding for roads and other projects

A

Jacob Coxey

66
Q

What happened to Coxey upon arrival to Washington DC?

A

He was arrested and beaten by police

67
Q

This 1994 strike was one of the biggest in us history

A

Pullman strike

68
Q

Why did workers at Pullman palace car company go on strike?

A

To protest wage cuts, increased rents, and people being laid off

69
Q

This person led the American Railway Union in joining the Pullman Strike, immensely increasing the size of it

A

Eugene Debs

70
Q

How did the American Railway Union join?

A

They refused to handle any trains pulling Pullman cars

71
Q

What was the consequence of the strike??

A

Shut down railroads and factories

72
Q

This is a court order telling workers to get back to work, Cleveland used one to end the Pullman strike

A

Court injunction

73
Q

What else did Cleveland do the end the strike?

A

Sent troops

74
Q

What did Cleveland believe was the reason for economic downfall in 1893?

A

The Sherman silver purchase act

75
Q

What did Cleveland do to the Sherman silver purchase act?

A

Repeals it in 1893

76
Q

What was the consequence of repealing the Sherman silver purchase act?

A

It negatively effected us

77
Q

Who was the democratic candidate in the election of 1896?

A

William Tennings Bryan

78
Q

What did the election of 1896 mainly focus on?

A

Bimetallic issue

79
Q

What did the Democratic Party and Bryan support in the bimetallic issue?

A

They wanted to continue the monitization of silver

80
Q

Who was the republican candidate during the election of 1896?

A

William McKinley

81
Q

This act singed but McKinley after the Spanish American war, put the US on a gold standard

A

Gold standard act

82
Q

The Illinois constitution declared railroads to be_____

A

Public highways

83
Q

This court case ruled that private property must submit to being controlled for the common good

A

Munn vs Illinois

84
Q

This case weakened the Munn vs Illinois case, it said that states cannot regulate commerce extending their borders

A

Wabash case

85
Q

This act granted pensions to veterans and their widows and children

A

Dependent pensions act

86
Q

Why did America look for foreign markets during imperialism?

A

American industry and farming was producing more goods than Americans could consume

87
Q

This naval strategist talked about how the US needed a new modernized navy

A

Alfred T Mahan

88
Q

What was Mahans book titled?

A

The influence of sea power and history

89
Q

What were the three pendants Mayhan said we needed to strengthen the navy?

A

1) 2 ocean navy
2) Naval bases around the world
3) canal

90
Q

This congregational minister argued that the US was obligated to civilize and Christianity other races

A

Josiah strong

91
Q

Why did the belief that the frontier was closing spur imperialism?

A

Our land of opportunity would run out

92
Q

This expansionist and Secretary of State laid the groundwork for future expansion

A

William Seewald

93
Q

Wha was the name for the purchase of Alaska from Russia?

A

Seewalds folly

94
Q

Why did Seewald want to buy Alaska?

A

He thought it was the first step of claiming all of Canada

95
Q

Why did missionaries initially go to Hawaii?

A

To Christianize the people

96
Q

What was Hawaii nicknamed because of all of the shipping lanes?

A

Crossroads of the pacific

97
Q

This Queen came to power after the Hawaiian King died

A

Queen Lilikulani

98
Q

What did the McKinley tariff do to the Hawaiian sugar market?

A

It raided barriers and tariffs

99
Q

Why did American planters want to annex Hawaii?

A

It would eliminate or lower tariffs on sugar

100
Q

Who led the rebellion against the Hawaiian monarch?

A

Stanford B Dole

101
Q

The _______ supported the overthrow of the Hawaiian monarch

A

Marines

102
Q

What did Cleveland attempt to do about the rebellion in Hawaii, but failed?

A

He tried to restore the Queen

103
Q

What president was Hawaii finally annexed under?

A

President McKinley

104
Q

Who served as the president of Hawaii while it was a republic?

A

Dole

105
Q

What did dole serve as once Hawaii was annexed into the us?

A

Territorial governor

106
Q

What was the Spanish American war nicknamed?

A

The splendid little war

107
Q

Why did the public empathize with the Cubans attempt to leave Spanish rule?

A

It reminded Americans of our revolution

108
Q

This Spanish generals reconstruction policy concentrated masses of Cubans in remote areas of Cuba

A

General Weyler

109
Q

The papers of ________ and ________ were always competing?

A

Joseph Pulitzer, William Randolph Heart

110
Q

Who said “you furnish the pictures, I’ll furnish the war”

A

Hearst

111
Q

What did yellow journalism do?

A

Generated public sympathy from US

112
Q

Spanish diplomat for the US

A

De alone

113
Q

What did the De alone scandal entail?

A

In a letter leaked to the press, de lome portrayed McKinley as a weak and corrupt president

114
Q

Why was the USS Maine sent down to Cuba?

A

To protect Americas economic interest and Americans if needed

115
Q

What happened to the USS Maine?

A

It exploded, killing us sailors

116
Q

What did yellow journalism blame the explosion on?

A

The Spanish

117
Q

What was Teddy Roosevelt’s position before war was declared?

A

Assistant Secretary of Navy

118
Q

Who did Teddy Roosevelt give instructions to leave Hong Kong and head towards the Philippines before war was declared?

A

Admiral Dewey

119
Q

Where did 6 US War ships sail into in May of 1898?

A

Manila Bay

120
Q

Who led the Filipino insurgents in aiding the US against the Spanish?

A

Emilio Aguinaldo

121
Q

First US volunteer cavalry led by Teddy Roosevelt

A

Rough riders

122
Q

Teddy Roosevelt led the rough riders up this hill to defeat the Spanish

A

San Juan hill

123
Q

This was the main cause of death for American soldiers fighting the Spanish

A

Disease

124
Q

What territories was the US given at the end of the war?

A

Guam and Puerto Rico

125
Q

This said that the US would grant the Cubans their freedom once the Spanish was ousted

A

Teller amendment

126
Q

Treaty between US and Cuba that attempted to prevent Cuban independence, replaced the teller amendment

A

Platt amendment

127
Q

The platt amendment included the lease of ________

A

Guantameno bay

128
Q

Filipinos used this style of fighting in their rebellion against the US

A

Guerrilla tactics

129
Q

What even led to the failure of the filipino rebellion?

A

The capture of Aguinaldo

130
Q

This organization was made of American people against expansion

A

American anti imperialist league

131
Q

Who proposed the open door policy in china?

A

Secretary of State John Hay

132
Q

Who was Americas youngest president?

A

Teddy Roosevelt

133
Q

This warned Germany and Britain that they were getting to involved in Latin America

A

Roosevelt corollary

134
Q

Treaty that ended the Russo Japanese war, negotiated in part by Roosevelt

A

Treaty of Portsmouth

135
Q

Where was the treaty of Portsmouth negotiated?

A

New Hampshire

136
Q

What did Roosevelt win for his efforts in bringing peace between Russia and Japan?

A

Nobel peace prize

137
Q

Roosevelt sent the __________ on an around the world tour

A

Great white fleet

138
Q

What was the purpose of the great white fleet?

A

Show goodwill and strength to other nations

139
Q

Belief that the US should stay out of foreign entanglements

A

Isolationism

140
Q

Who was Secretary of State under Garfield and Harrison?

A

James G Blaine

141
Q

What did Blaine use to seek wider markets in Asia, Latin America, and Africa?

A

Tariff reciprocity agreements

142
Q

Law that said that developments of race parallel the developments of an individual

A

Biogenetic law

143
Q

Who invented biogenetic law?

A

Ernst Haekel

144
Q

Popular writer and lecturer who argued for Anglo Saxon superiority, said that English and American would occupy every land

A

John friske

145
Q

What was the title of Josiah Strongs book?

A

Our country: it’s possible future and it’s present crises

146
Q

Was Ulysses S grant an expansionist?

A

Yes

147
Q

This was the conservatism sec of state under grant

A

Hamilton fish

148
Q

Demands that the uk pay for damages done to union ships by confederate vessels

A

Alabama claims

149
Q

Provided settlement of alabama claims

A

Treaty of Washington

APUSH (22 decks)

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