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7-9 Flashcards

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AP® U.S. History flashcards
0
Q

Who was the Secretary of State under George Washington?

A

Thomas Jefferson

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1
Q

Who was the Secretary of War under George Washington?

A

Henry Knox

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2
Q

Who was the Secretary of Treasury under George Washington?

A

Alexander Hamilton

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3
Q

What was Jeffersons viewpoint regarding the constitution?

A

He was in favor of a strict interpretation of the constitution

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4
Q

Which of Washington Cabinet members strongly supported states rights?

A

Thomas Jefferson

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5
Q

Which of Washington’s Cabinet members supported a strong federal government?

A

Alexander Hamilton

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6
Q

Says that the government can do what is necessary and proper for the good of the nation

A

The elastic clause

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7
Q

Did Jefferson favor agriculture or industrialization to grow the economy?

A

Agriculture

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8
Q

What country served as an example for Jeffersons agrarian mindset?

A

France

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9
Q

Did Hamilton favor agriculture or industrialization to grow the economy?

A

Industrialization

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10
Q

Why did Hamilton support an industrialized economy?

A

So not to heavily rely on other countries, be self sufficient

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11
Q

What country did Hamilton model his industrial views after?

A

England

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12
Q

Which politician was in favor of the national bank?

A

Hamilton

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13
Q

Which cabinet member had faith in the people to make good decisions?

A

Thomas Jefferson

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14
Q

What political party did Jefferson belong to?

A

Republicans

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15
Q

What political party did Hamilton belong to?

A

The Federalists

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16
Q

Why did it take a while for political parties to appear?

A

Washington did not like partisan politics, everyone listened to him

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17
Q

This act established the Supreme Court and court system

A

Judiciary Act of 1789

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18
Q

Who was the first Supreme Court Justice?

A

John Jay

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19
Q

How many associate justices were in the Supreme Court?

A

5

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20
Q

This tried to raise revenue after the a Revolutionary War, it put a 5% tax on goods coming into the country

A

Tariff of 1789

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21
Q

What was Hamilton’s view regarding debt?

A

He thought some debt was okay, it showed that the people trusted the government

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22
Q

What did Hamilton propose to do about the national debt?

A

Pay it in whole

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23
Q

What did Hamilton propose to do about the State Debt

A

The federal government would assume the state debt

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24
Q

What was Madison’s view on the national bank?

A

He opposed it. He thought it would benefit the rich more than others

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25
Q

What was Hamilton’s view on manufacturing?

A

It was the governments job to stimulate industry

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26
Q

Who did America side with during the French Revolution?

A

We stayed neutral

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27
Q

Who did George Washington send to negotiate a testy with Britain?

A

John Jay

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28
Q

Why did John Jay’s attempt at forming a treaty with the British fail?

A

Hamilton, wanting to keep good relations with British, tells them that we are willing to compromise on every issue

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29
Q

What was another name for the Pinckeneys Treaty?

1795

A

The San Lorenzo Treaty

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30
Q

What did the San Lorenzo Treaty Accomplish?

A

Spain agreed to keep the Mississippi open for trade and allowed the US to deposit goods in New Orleans with out having to pay duties.

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31
Q

This rebellion was the result of upset farmers having to pay tax on whiskey and grains. It showed how far the government had come since the Articles of Confederation

A

The Whiskey Rebellion (1794)

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32
Q

Which political party was responsible for stopping the Whiskey Rebellion?

A

The Federalists

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33
Q

Who was the main author of George Washington’s farewell address?

A

Alexander Hamilton

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34
Q

A group of acts, passed by the Federalists under Adams presidency, designed to suppress criticism of the federal government and to curb the liberties of foreigners living in the US (1798)

A

Alien and Sedition Acts

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35
Q

Law that gave the president the power to detain or deport citizens of nations with which the US was at war with and who behaved suspiciously.

A

Alien Enemies Law

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36
Q

Law that gave the President the power to expel any foreigner from the US by executive decree

A

Alien Law

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37
Q

A law that established a fourteen year probationary period before foreigners could apply for US citizenship.

A

Naturalization Law

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38
Q

A law that defined criticism of the US government as a crime.

A

The Sedation Law

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39
Q

An incident where American peace commissioners sent to France by Adams were insulted with bribe demands from their French counterparts. Heightened war fever against France.

A

XYZ Affair

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40
Q

Who was the Vice President in Washington’s cabinet?

A

John Adams

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41
Q

What party did John Adams belong to?

A

The Federalists

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42
Q

What was the reason for population growth?

A

Natural Reproduction

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43
Q

Where where cities primarily popping up?

A

Along rivers

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44
Q

Who invented the cotton gin?

A

Eli Whitney

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45
Q

Who created one of the first textile mills in New England? Named the father of manufacturing

A

Samuel Slater

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46
Q

Who launched the Claremont, the first successful steamboat? (1807)

A

Robert Folton

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47
Q

Although not many people lived in the cities, the cities primarily served as ________ for goods

A

Depots

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48
Q

Who won the election of 1800?

A

Thomas Jefferson

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49
Q

What was Jeffersons presidency named?

A

The peaceful revolution

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50
Q

What helped Jefferson win the election?

A

The 3/5 compromise

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51
Q

What was Jeffersons view on slavery?

A

He wanted it outlawed

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52
Q

How many midnight judges were appointed by Adams?

A

42

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53
Q

Who did Thomas Jefferson instruct to not commission the midnight judges?

A

James Madison

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54
Q

What famous court case settled the dispute over the midnight judges?

A

Marburry vs Madison

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55
Q

Who gave the ruling during Marburry vs Madison?

A

John Marshall

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56
Q

What is established by John Marshall that strengthens he Supreme Court and gives the court a final say in all constitutional matters?

A

Judicial Review

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57
Q

Although Jefferson cut military spending, what did he create to train future military officers?

A

West Point

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58
Q

Where was the Barbary War fought?

A

Africa and the Mediterranean Sea

59
Q

What was the famous battle fought in the Barbary War?

A

Battle of Tripoli

60
Q

Who did Jefferson by the Louisiana territory from?

A

France (Napoleon)

61
Q

Why was Napoleon so eager to sell the Louisiana a Territory?

A

France was in need of money after wars with the British and he had given up on the idea of a new world empire

62
Q

Who did Jefferson send to negotiate the purchase?

A

James Monroe

63
Q

What did Jefferson originally want to buy from France ?

A

New Orleans

64
Q

Why did Jefferson want to control New Orleans

A

To ensure that the Mississippi stayed open for trade

65
Q

Why was Jefferson at first hesitant of buying the Louisiana territory?

A

He wasn’t sure if it was constitutional

66
Q

Where did the Louise and Clark Expedition originate ?

A

St. Louise

67
Q

Idea of using economics as a diplomatic weapon

A

Peaceful coercion

68
Q

Act that stated that we would not trade with the British or French until they stopped violating our rights at sea and allowed us to trade freely with any country. (1807)

A

Embargo

69
Q

What US ship was attacked by the British ?

A

USS Chesapeake

70
Q

What was the outcome of the Embargo?

A

It made the value of imports and exports fall. Hurt economy

71
Q

Henry Clay and John C Calhoun were to examples of …

A

War hawks

72
Q

Who was the 4th president of the United States?

A

James Madison

73
Q

What was Madison’s role in the cabinet during Jeffersons presidency?

A

Secretary of State

74
Q

How many terms did Madison serve as president?

A

2

75
Q

What political party did Madison belong to?

A

Republicans

76
Q

Who was the losing candidate against Madison in 1812? Where was he from?

A

Dewitt Clinton, New York

77
Q

War hawks pushed Madison to do what?

A

Favor war

78
Q

What country did the war hawks believe we could acquire if we won war?

A

Canada

79
Q

What was Madison’s strategy during the war of 1812?

A

Attack Canada

80
Q

Why was this his strategy?

A

Food their was what fed the British Caribbean islands

81
Q

What bodies of water hosted many battles during the War of 1812?

A

The Great Lakes

82
Q

Why did the British blockade the east coast of the US, But not New England?

A

New England was anti war and was still illegally trading with Britain

83
Q

What was the purpose of burning down Washington?

A

It was symbolic

84
Q

Indian leader who tried to unite the natives against the white settlers

A

Tecumseh

85
Q

Why was did the US struggle at the beginning of the war?

A

Jefferson had made military cuts during his presidency

86
Q

General that had to surrender his army to the British in Detroit

A

Major General William Hull

87
Q

How did the US Naval Forces do early on?

A

They were successful

88
Q

Who destroyed the British fleet on Lake Eerie in 1813?

A

Oliver Perry

89
Q

Who overran British Troops in October of 1813?

A

General Harrison

90
Q

What battle killed Tecumseh?

A

Battle of Thames

91
Q

How does the British defeat of Napoleon in 1814 affect the war of 1812?

A

The British change their strategy, they become offensive

92
Q

Where did Francis Scott Key write the Star Spangled Banner?

A

Fort Mchenry, after it was left standing

93
Q

Convention of New Englanders who opposed the war and wanted change the way the government was empowered

A

Hartford Convention

94
Q

What were the specific goals of the Hartford Convention?

A

Eliminate the 3/5 compromise, wanted to put a one year term on presidency, and wanted a 2/3 vote in congress to declare war

95
Q

Why did the New Englanders of the Hartford Convention want to eliminate the 3/5 compromise?

A

Because it gave the southern states am advantage in the electoral college

96
Q

Why did the New Englanders of the Hartford convention want to put a one year term on presidency?

A

Many of the early presidents were from Virginia and they wanted to limit the power of the southern states

97
Q

Treaty that supposedly ends the war and ends hostilities between England and the US (1814)

A

Treaty of Ghent

98
Q

Battle launched by British that happened after the signing of the Treaty of Ghent, won by the US

A

Battle of New Orleans

99
Q

Who was the hero in the Battle of New Orleans?

A

Andrew Jackson

100
Q

Who killed Alexander Hamilton in a duel?

A

Aaron Burr

101
Q

Who won the election of 1816?

A

James Monroe

102
Q

Secretary of State under James Monroe

A

John Quincy Adams

103
Q

Treaty between the British and Americans where both countries agreed to limit naval fleets in the Great Lakes and to never invade each other (1817)

A

Rush Bagot Agreement

104
Q

Convention in which British and Americans agreed to establish the 49 parallel as the boundary between the US and British Canada and to have a 10 year joint occupation of Oregon (1818)

A

Anglo American Convention

105
Q

What Spanish territory did John Quincy Adams desperately want?

A

Florida

106
Q

Who took over several Spanish forts in 1818?

A

Andrew Jackson

107
Q

Treaty in which Spain gives Florida to US and the US assumes liability for damage done to Spain (1819)

A

Adams-Onis Treaty

108
Q

Established the Fort of Astoria, hoped to establish himself in the fur trading business

A

John Jacob Astor

109
Q

Jedediah Smith and Kit Carson were both….

A

Fur trappers / mountain men

110
Q

What was the Louisiana Territory nicknamed?

A

The Great American Desert

111
Q

When did the Era of good feelings come to an end?

A

At the end of Monroe’s presidency , 1824

112
Q

System that would use federal money to undergo internal improvements

A

American System

113
Q

Who proposed the American System?

A

Henry Clay

114
Q

Meant to stimulate industry and create a home market for farmers, raised import duties by about 25%

A

Tariff of 1816

115
Q

Road that eventually connected Baltimore to St Louise, first great federal transport project

A

The national (Cumberland) road

116
Q

How did the West benefit from the American system?

A

Roads, canals, and federal aid

117
Q

How did the East benefit from the American System?

A

Protective Tariffs

118
Q

What region of the country did the American System not benefit as much?

A

The South

119
Q

What was the name of the first turnpike road?

A

The Lancaster Turnpike

120
Q

Huge canal that connected Albany to Buffalo

A

Eerie Canal

121
Q

What did the north economic patterns look like?

A

Industrial

122
Q

What did the South economic patterns look like ?

A

Agrarian

123
Q

Owner of one of the first big textile factories in New England.

A

Francis Cabot Lowell

124
Q

Name given for the depression in 1819 that lasted until the 40’s

A

The Panic of 1819

125
Q

Who was James Monroe’s opponent when he was respected into office in 1820?

A

John Quincy Adams

126
Q

Who had the majority in the house in 1820?

A

The north

127
Q

Compromise made that allows Missouri to enter the union as a slave state and Maine to enter as a free state to keep an equal balance of slave and free states in the union.

A

The Missouri Compromise

128
Q

Who helped pass the Missouri Compromise? (The great compromiser)

A

Henry Clay

129
Q

Why did Thomas Jefferson describe the Missouri Compromise as a “fire bell in the night” ?

A

He thought it was putting of the urgent issue of slavery

130
Q

What does the Missouri compromise say about slavery in the rest of the Louisiana Territory?

A

It outlawed slavery in the rest of the Louisiana a Territory north of 36 30 line

131
Q

What said that their should be separate spears of influence, countries should take a non colonization policy, and that these colonies should take a non intervention attitude?

A

The Monroe Doctrine

132
Q

Who wrote a large part of the Monroe Doctrine?

A

John Quincy Adams

133
Q

What does the election of 1824 become known as?

A

The corrupt bargain

134
Q

Who supported John Quincy Adams in the House of Representatives during the election of 1824?

A

Henry Clay

135
Q

Who died on the 50th anniversary of the signing of the deceleration of independence?

A

John Adams and Thomas a Jefferson

136
Q

What land did the US take in 1810-1812 claiming it as part of the Louisiana Purchase?

A

Alabama

137
Q

Popular fur business that relied on mountain men

A

Rocky Mountain Fur Company

138
Q

Person who went on a military expedition of the Great Plains and Rockies, fed the belief that the plains were a “great American desert”

A

Major Stephen S Long

139
Q

Idea that pioneer families should work together to share the work load

A

Mutual aid

140
Q

First great American novelist, published novels about Natty Bumppo aka Leatherstocking. Made the west looked like an untamed wilderness

A

James Fenimore Cooper

141
Q

First steamboat in the west

A

The New Orleans

142
Q

Steamboat that made the first return trip

A

The Enterprise

143
Q

Militant labor activist that helped found the Lowell Female Labor Reform Association (1844)

A

Sarah Bagley

144
Q

Before his presidency, Monroe had previously been…

A

An officer in the Revolution, the governor of Virginia, and the Secretary of State

APUSH (22 decks)

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