Ch. 2 A&P

Question 1

Definition of matter

Answer 1

Everything around us that has mass and occupies space

Question 2

Definition of an element

Answer 2

Cannot be broken down into simpler substances

Question 3

Definition of an atom

Answer 3

The smallest piece of an element and simplest unit of individual pieces of matter is an atom

Question 4

Definition of a molecule

Answer 4

A molecule is a chemical structure composed of more than one atom

Question 5

Definition of a compound

Answer 5

If a molecule contains atoms of more than one element, it is sometimes called a compound

Question 6

Most important elements

Answer 6

Hydrogen- Atomic # 1
Oxygen-Atomic # 8
Nitrogen-Atomic # 7
Carbon-Atomic # 6

Question 7

What is the structure of an atom?

Answer 7

Proton- Positive
Neutron
Electron- Negative

Protons=electrons

Question 8

Atomic number

Answer 8

= Number of protons in an atom

All atoms of the same element have the same number of protons

Question 9

What is atomic weight?

Answer 9

Average mass or weight of an atom

Question 9

What is atomic weight?

Answer 9

Average mass or weight of an atom

Question 10

What is an ion?

Answer 10

Atoms or molecules that have a + or - charge

Question 11

What is an ionic bond?

Answer 11

In an ionic bond, anions and cations are held together by the attraction between positive and negative charges

Question 12

Covalent Bond

Answer 12

Covalent bonds are very strong because the electrons tie the atoms together.

Question 13

Hydrogen Bond

Answer 13

A hydrogen bond is the attraction between a positively charged hydrogen atom and a negatively charged atom in another molecule or at another site within the same molecule

Question 14

What does metabolism refer to?

Answer 14

Metabolism refers to all of the chemical reactions in the body.

Question 15

What is the definition of work?

Answer 15

Work is movement or a change in physical structure

Question 16

What is the definition of energy?

Answer 16

Energy is the capacity to perform work

Question 17

What is potential energy?

Answer 17

kinetic energy+heat

Stored energy

Question 18

What is a decomposition reaction?

Answer 18

AB> A+B

Question 19

What does catabolism refer to?

Answer 19

Catabolism refers to the breakdown of complex molecules within cells

Question 20

What does particle size do?

Answer 20

Smaller particle size tends to speed up the rate of chemical reactions

Question 21

What are catalysts and what do they do?

Answer 21

Catalysts (enzymes for example) increase the rate of chemical reactions without being used up in the reaction.

Question 22

What does concentration do?

Answer 22

Increased reactant concentration results in increased rates of chemical reactions