Ch. 1 A&P Flashcards
Defintion of anatomy
Study of form
Ana: separate, apart from
tomy: to cut up, cut open
Definition of phsiology
Study of function
physio: nature, origin
ology: study of
Definition of pathophysiology
Patho- Relating to disease
Pathology- study of disease
Pathophysiology- function of disease
What are the levels of organization of the body?
Chemical Cellular Tissue Organ Organ system Organism
What is the integumentary system and its job?
Hair, skin, nails, and sweat glands.
Protects us from the environment.
what is the skeletal system and its job?
Bones, cartilage, and joints
Provides support.
what is the muscular system and its job?
Skeletal muscles, tendons
Allows locomotion
what is the nervous system and its job?
Central NS: Brain and spinal cord
Peripheral NS
Directs response to stimuli
what is the endocrine system and its job?
Lots of glands, kidneys, pancreas, gonads
Directs long term changes
what is the cardiovascular system and its job?
Heart, blood vessels,blood
Transports nutrients and waste
what is the lymphatic system and its job?
Lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, spleen, thymus
Defends against infections
what is the respiratory system and its job?
Nasal cavity, pharynx, trachea, lungs
Delivers air for gas exchange
what is the digestive system and its job?
Salivary glands, esophagus, stomach, intestines, liver, gall bladder, pancreas
what is the urinary system and its job?
Kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra
Eliminates wastes
what is the reproductive system and its job?
testes, ovaries, accessory organs, external genitalia
Produces sex cells
Definition of homeostasis
homeo: same, like, resembling, unchanging
Stasis: to stand, posture
Stable internal environment
Negative feedback: a stimulus produces a response that opposes the original stimulus. Most common. Body temp. regulation
Positive FB: A stimulus produces a response that reinforces the original stimulus. Fight or flight.
Anatomical position
Facing you
Hands at the side
Palms Forward
Feet together
right upper quadrant
Liver
Colon
Pancreas
Gallbladder
left upper quadrant
Liver Spleen Stomach Colon Pancreas
left lower quadrant
Colon
small intestines
major artery and vein to left leg
ureter
right lower quadrant
Colon small intestines major artery and vein to right leg ureter appendix
what is supine position?
Lying horizontal on the back, face upward
what is prone position?
Lying horizontal on the abdomen and chest, face downward
what is axillary position?
In line with the armpit
what is mid-clavicular position?
In the middle of the collar bone
what is umbilicus position?
belly button,navel
what is flexion vs. extension position?
Flexion is toward the body, extension is away
what is abduction vs. adduction position?
Abduction- away from midline
Adduction- toward the midline
What is the difference in the sagittal, coronal, and transverse planes?
Sagittal- cuts the body in half vertically
Coronal- cuts the body in half front and back
Transverse- cuts the body from top and bottom
What is the trunk?
Torso is an anatomical term for the central part of the many animal bodies
what is the flank?
A region of the posterior torso (lower back)
