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Promotional: Managing Major Fires > Ch 19. Fighting Fires in Professional Buildings > Flashcards

Ch 19. Fighting Fires in Professional Buildings Flashcards

1
Q

Because fire codes normally require _____ for business occupancies of more than 2 stories, most of the one- and two- story versions are devoid of them. (291)

A

built-in protection (sprinklers)

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2
Q

Often the businesses [in professional buildings] are clustered according to _____. (291)

A

type

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3
Q

_____ and _____ top the list of problems in [professional buildings]. (291)

A

Extremely high fire loads and the lack of fire protection

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4
Q

[in professional buildings] _____ is at its peak during working hours. (291)

A

life hazard

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5
Q

[in professional buildings], _____ usually allows for successful evacuations prior to the arrival of fire companies. (291)

A

early detection

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6
Q

[at professional building fires], unless _____, search operations should be on the IC’s to-do list. (291)

A

the parking lot is empty

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7
Q

In terms of construction, there are 3 major categories of new office buildings: (291)

A

1) wood truss
2) concrete
3) steel

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8
Q

If the exterior load-bearing walls [of an office building] are made of wood, expect 2 story platform construction with _____ construction underneath. (291-293)

A

either trusses or wooden I-beams

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9
Q

These [office] buildings, with _____ and _____, may turn out to be prime firefighter killers in the decades to come. (293)

A

wide interior spaces and a lock of interior walls

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10
Q

Unprotected truss assemblies that span large openings can surprise crews with _____. (293)

A

sudden collapse

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11
Q

Interior wall assemblies are good!! They provide a means of _____! (293)

A

resistance

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12
Q

_____ can be stopped by a system of interior partition walls, whether framed with wood or steel studs. (293)

A

Roof collapse

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13
Q

If the engineers and interior designers have been directed by the owners to create an office building with a spacious interior, the roof _____. (293)

A

will be subject to failure

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14
Q

office buildings made up of tilt-up concrete are tied together with rebar, which, will begin to fail at around _____. (293)

A

800 degrees F

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15
Q

When collapse happens [at a tilt-up concrete office building], whole sections of the wall will be _____. (293)

A

pushed outward

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16
Q

Many of the roof assemblies on [office buildings] are held in place by _____. (293)

A

gravity alone

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17
Q

The majority of newer office buildings are made of _____. (293)

A

steel

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18
Q

[At office buildings], _____ can contribute to the rapid spread of fire. (293)

A

lavish furnishings

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19
Q

Although [office buildings] tend to be attractive, for the most part, they’re built _____, and they certainly aren’t built with _____ in mind. (293)

A

cheaply; the firefighter

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20
Q

Although they lack sprinklers, many of these modern [office] buildings have _____ installed during the final stages of construction. Some of which are tied to central-station alarm companies. (294)

A

smoke detectors

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21
Q

_____ isn’t a major problem [at office buildings], especially during business hours. (294)

A

early detection

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22
Q

If it seems as if an undue amount of water is required to darken down the flames, then _____ are no doubt feeding the fire. some can produce in excess of 12,000 btu’s per pound. (294)

A

plastics

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23
Q

If the fire occurs in an abortion clinic or any other occupancy in which family planning is part of the business, you should suspect the possibility of ____ and ____. (294)

A

arson and secondary devices

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24
Q

Many of these [family planning type] occupancies don’t have signs in front of them, and you’ll only know the difference through _____. (294)

A

pre-incident planning

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25
Q

When responding to this sort of occupancy, park the apparatus away from dumpsters and any vehicle in which the engine is running. Beware any packages left unattended at the door. (294-295)

A

abortion clinic or any other occupancy in which family planning is part of the business

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26
Q

At the vast majority of fires in a professional office building, _____ should be the first assignment, especially if staffing is low. (295)

A

attack

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27
Q

At the vast majority of fires in a professional office building, time given to tasks other than attack may allow _____. (295)

A

the flames to grow and overwhelm the capabilities of most departments

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28
Q

Some of these [office building] occupancies can have well in excess of 10,000 sq ft per floor. Flows of greater than ____ gpm may be required if even 1/4 of the floor is involved. (295)

A

800 gpm

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29
Q

[at professional building fires] pull in a big line, no smaller than _____, forget maneuverability, position it where you can hit the greatest body of flames using _____, then clean up the hot spots with smaller lines afterwards. (295)

A

2 1/2”; an indirect attack off the ceiling

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30
Q

Most departments don’t _____ to achieve more than 150 gpm from a 1 3/4” line. (295)

A

pump high enough pressures

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31
Q

[at professional building fires] you should take in lines to hold the fire to _____. (295)

A

its original area of involvment

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32
Q

Correct _____ is a must [if you want to hold the fire to its original area of involvement] unless you want to be driven out of the building. (295)

A

ventilation

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33
Q

Once in place, an indirect attack using _____ off the ceiling, will provide the best results, particularly in a modular environment. (295)

A

a straight or smooth stream

34
Q

Like high-rises, most of these [office] buildings have _____ ceilings, and there’s a lot of stuff in the plenum area- a lot of stuff that can burn intensely. (295)

A

suspended

35
Q

The plenum can convey fire not only above the common areas, but also _____. (295)

A

into individual offices and rooms

36
Q

One concern at these [office building] fires is this phenomenon that can also occur in high-rise office buildings. (295)

A

the doughnut effect

37
Q

The doughnut effect (295)

A

fire wrapped around the exterior walls of the building, possibly taking hold of the entire perimeter because fire entered the ceiling where there are few obstructions

38
Q

There are two types of building owners: (297)

A

those who have and those who don’t have insurance

39
Q

_____ what you can prior to collapse, then pull out and let it come down. (297)

A

Salvage

40
Q

Safety being a critical issue in this operation, [using glass-covered atriums or skylights as ventilation at office building fires], _____ would be an excellent tool to use. (297)

A

an articulating boom aerial

41
Q

It just isn’t good to put anyone above or below a _____ that’s already involved in fire. (297)

A

truss area

42
Q

Steel buildings with curtain walls can be vented by _____ or more conventional means. (297)

A

PPV

43
Q

If the steel bar joists are subjected to temperatures of 800 degrees F or so, you can anticipate _____ anywhere from 1 minute ago to 5 minutes from now. (297)

A

collapse

44
Q

Concrete buildings generally prohibit _____, since _____. (297)

A

topside ventilation; the mass of the roof makes cutting difficult if not impossible

45
Q

_____ will likely be the method [of ventilation] to use [at a fire in an office building]. (297)

A

Horizontal ventilation, either positive or negative,

46
Q

In any type of building, if you intend to use the HVAC system, you must know whether it’s _____. (297)

A

closed or open system

47
Q

_____ [HVAC] systems circulate air inside and will probably do more harm than good. (297)

A

Closed

48
Q

_____ [HVAC] systems take in air from the outside, then condition it and pump it through the building, then vent it out again.

A

Open

49
Q

_____ are essential when conducting interior operations [at office building fires]. (297)

A

Backup lines

50
Q

[at office building fires], if a backup line has been deployed for the sake of the search team, then it should _____. (297)

A

follow the search team

51
Q

[At office building fires], If the backup line is meant to protect the suppression team, then ____ should apply. (297-298)

A

the two-thirds rule

52
Q

The backup crew [at a professional building fire] may need to _____ to check for fire. (298)

A

pull suspended ceilings

53
Q

If backup members [at office building fires] happen to find a small, isolated fire in _____, they can knock it down, then continue their mission of monitoring the safety of the other crews. (298)

A

the plenum

54
Q

If the fire in the plenum [found by the backup members at an office building fire] is of some magnitude, they should _____. (298)

A

notify the IC, who will then make the decision as to how to deal with it.

55
Q

The members of a RIT will have 1 major focus at a fire in a professional building: _____. (298)

A

collapse

56
Q

The presence of _____ might make such an event [as a collapse] survivable, but even this is no guarantee. (298)

A

interior partitions

57
Q

Although large, these [office] buildings aren’t huge, and a _____ will prove useful. (298)

A

360 walkaround

58
Q

A _____ will provide clues as to what the [office building] structure offers, as well as its hazards. (298)

A

walkaround

59
Q

Because of their lightweight composition and often problematic means of access, the author likens these [professional building] structures to _____. (298-299)

A

garden apartments

60
Q

[At office building fires], _____ should stage at a location that provides the best access to the crews inside. (299)

A

the RIT

61
Q

If the fire [at a professional building] is on Side A, then hopefully the attack started from _____. That’s where RIT should stage. (299)

A

Side C

62
Q

You’ll generally get one chance at putting out a fire in _____. (299)

A

a professional building

63
Q

The inherent potential for _____ will force you to work quickly [at a fire in a professional building]. (299)

A

high levels of heat

64
Q

[at professional building fires], pull _____ and get them inside as soon as possible. (299)

A

big lines

65
Q

The _____ potential makes for exposure problems. (299)

A

high-heat

66
Q

Some of the [professional] buildings are spaced closely enough that _____ will become a factor. (299)

A

radiant heat

67
Q

Standard [exposure] protection is in order [at professional building fires], with the exception that _____, rather than handlines, should probably be used to protect the most threatened exposures. (299)

A

aerials devices

68
Q

Glass only stops about _____ of radiated heat. (299)

A

15%

69
Q

If a nearby exposure [at professional building fires] has panel or curtain glass walls, it’s imperative that _____. (299)

A

a crew get inside to check conditions

70
Q

One issue that arises in such a situation [as a nearby exposure with panel or curtain glass walls is threatened] is whether to force the doors or wait for a responsible party with keys. If there is any doubt, _____. (299)

A

force the door

71
Q

Most modern low-rise professional buildings are _____ construction. (303 & 312)

A

Truss

72
Q

Architects must consider and plan for fires in new low-rise professional buildings. True or false? (303 & 312)

A

False

73
Q

Why are most of the modern low-rise professional buildings two stories or less? (303 & 312)

A

They don’t require sprinklers

74
Q

Most of the roof assemblies in [professional building] occupancies are _____. (303 & 312)

A

Truss

75
Q

Most of the floor assemblies in [professional building] occupancies are _____. (303 & 312)

A

Concrete slab

76
Q

The _____ is when fire wraps around the exterior of an open center core office building. (303 & 312)

A

Doughnut effect

77
Q

Topside ventilation can be done anytime fire enters the truss loft. True or false? (303 & 312)

A

False

78
Q

To ensure a means of egress, backup must make several _____ back to the door of entry. (303 & 312)

A

Recons

79
Q

Fire can extend in the area between the ceiling and the floor above called the _____. (303 & 312)

A

Plenum

80
Q

[at professional building fires] The members of RIT have as their general focus _____. (303 & 312)

A

collapse

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