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Promotional: Managing Major Fires > Ch 13. Fighting Fires in Enclosed Malls > Flashcards

Ch 13. Fighting Fires in Enclosed Malls Flashcards

1
Q

An enclosed mall is essentially _____. (187)

A

Main Street without the traffic

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2
Q

_____ is a multilayered string of retail stores and restaurants under a single roof, with limited means of access.

A

Enclosed mall

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3
Q

The average retail store [in an enclosed mall] can range from less than _____ to more than _____. (187)

A

200 sq ft; 400 sq ft

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4
Q

The anchor stores [in enclosed malls] customarily rise to at least 2 levels and may be _____ sq ft per floor. (187)

A

50,000 to 100,000

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5
Q

Given the ceiling height in some of these [converted enclosed malls], you may encounter advanced fire due to _____, as well as _____. (187)

A

delayed activation of the system; fires in areas remote to or hidden from the sprinkler flow

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6
Q

The degree of life hazard will vary with _____. (187)

A

time of day as well as the season

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7
Q

Some stores do ____ percent more of their annual sales volume during the december holiday season. (188)

A

60

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8
Q

Generally the [enclosed mall] life hazard will be highest around __3___. (188)

A

1) the winter holiday season
2) in the spring
3) when kids are returning to school

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9
Q

Volume decreases [for the enclosed mall] during the off-season months of __3___. (188)

A

1) June
2) July
3) October

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10
Q

Fire loads in these [enclosed mall] occupancies vary greatly, depending on _____. (188)

A

the merchandise at hand.

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11
Q

Buildings larger than 12,000 sq ft may be unsprinklered if _____. (188)

A

there are rated fire separations that reduce individual areas to less than that size.

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12
Q

If the exterior load-bearing walls are wholly of concrete and the building is only one story tall, suspect _____. (189)

A

tilt-up concrete construction

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13
Q

[tilt-up concrete construction] buildings are essentially held together by _____. (189)

A

steel cable, which can fail at around 800 degrees F

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14
Q

[enclosed mall] conversions can present _____ concerns for firefighters. (189)

A

construction

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15
Q

Heavy smoke conditions [in an enclosed mall] mandate that we ____ for victims rather than just look for them. (191)

A

feel

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16
Q

A fire that involves half a floor of an anchor store could require fire flows of _____ to control. (191)

A

more than 16,000 gpm

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17
Q

For the IC, the primary strategic consideration will probably be ____, and the second will be ____. (191)

A

1) life safety

2) extinguishment

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18
Q

In most situations where there are known victims inside, and assuming that the sprinkler system is incapable of handling the flames, the IC will have to consider _____. (191)

A

an aggressive fire attack

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19
Q

_____ will have to be correct if the responders are to confine the fire successfully and provide the maximum edge for civilians. (191)

A

Nozzle placement

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20
Q

Follow the attack [at an enclose mall fire], _____ becomes the priority. (191)

A

ventilation

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21
Q

Two distinct concerns presented [when considering ventilation at an enclose mall fire]: (191)

A

1) life safety

2) the need to minimize fire loss (even to occupancies not directly involved in the fire)

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22
Q

Controlling the rescued and self-evacuated means _____, not to mention the help of the police and a little planning. (191)

A

having a place to put them

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23
Q

Round up and control your evacuees. Use __3___, but keep close tabs on them. (191)

A

1) buses
2) unoccupied buildings
3) whatever is available

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24
Q

Most fires in these [enclosed mall] buildings are _____. (191)

A

small and rarely beyond the capacity of sprinklers and a simple mop-up line.

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25
There are two considerations when confronted by a working fire in an enclose mall. (191)
1) strength and volume of the line. | 2) avenue of attack
26
[At an enclose mall fire], make every effort to get a line _____. (192)
between the victims and the fire
27
[An enclose mall fire] is one instance in which the positioning of the line has a clear bearing on _____. (192)
the number of persons protected and the amount of property saved
28
[At an enclosed mall fire], the moth-to-the-flame syndrome, i.e., stretching directly to the fire, can often translate into _____. (192)
needless loss and injury
29
For fires located in anchor stores, take the initial line through _____. (192)
an adjacent door (initial lines should be taken in to confine the fire to the smallest area possible. pg 193)
30
When the fire is in one of the smaller stores along the mall itself, ______ should get protection between the victims and the fire. (192)
Taking the line in from the central walkway
31
When the [enclosed mall] fire occurs along the pedestrian walkway, take the lines via _____. (194)
the closest means of access
32
When the [enclosed mall] fire occurs along the pedestrian walkway, employing _____ will inhibit spread, and it won't introduce the elements of push that results from attacking the fire directly. (194)
an indirect attack with smooth-bore or straight-streams directed at the ceiling
33
_____ should not initially be a major concern at a fire in an enclosed mall. (194)
Ventilation
34
By code, new enclosed malls are build with _____ that keep the smoke from banking down to the floor, even in working fires. (194)
HVAC systems containing ventilators and ejectors
35
[At enclosed mall fires] take the roof, take the _____. (193)
glass
36
[When venting an enclosed mall fire by taking out the glass on the roof], get someone below you, preferably with _____, and ensure that the fall area is clear before you take out any glass. (194)
a thermal imager
37
If, [at a fire in an anchor store at an enclosed mall], you can only accomplish a partial search, it may be better to commit your on-scene crews to _____ and leave search for other units. (194)
aggressive attack
38
The search method of choice at an enclosed mall fire is ____. (194)
the oriented method, working off of a 2 1/2" line
39
To discuss search is to discuss two constraints: (195)
1) Staffing | 2) Time
40
In a large area, it would be reasonable to expect 2 firefighters and an office can search no more than about _____ in 15 minutes. This is an open floor area with few or no obstructions. (195)
5000 sq ft
41
In an anchor store, you'll need more than _____ crews to cover 100,000 sq ft effectively. (195)
20
42
[The author] gives civilians _____ of search time in a primary search mode when the smoke is heavy. After that, secondary search will probably be warranted. (195)
15 minutes
43
Survivability increases when _____, and self-rescues become more likely. (195)
visibility is better
44
_____ will drain resources faster than any other fireground operation. (195)
Large-area searches
45
_____ are a necessity for mall fires, and they play a dual role. (196)
backup lines
46
[At mall fires], the mission of the backup team is to _____ and _____, but may also be needed to _____. (195)
1) protect the interior crews 2) ensure their route of egress 3) maintain the evacuation route for civilians
47
Through proper line placement and discipline, the backup officer must establish coverage _____ as well as _____. (195)
1) between the civilians and the fire | 2) between the members and the fire
48
"Proper line placement" for a backup crew [at a mall fire] means _____. (195)
directly behind the interior crews
49
to be effective, the backup team cannot _____. (195)
move ahead of the suppression team
50
[Backup] members aren't looking for fire, they are looking for _____. (195)
victimes
51
The best route for the backup team to follow is _____. (195)
along the attack line
52
The _____ will have a great bearing on the number of search and backup crews needed. (197)
size and location of the fire
53
The officer and crew of the backup team need _____ so that their focus won't be blurred. (197)
discipline
54
The greatest temptation for a crew with a large hose is _____. (197)
to put out fire, especially when a large flame is right in front of them.
55
[For RIT at mall fires] the usual 360 degree of the walk-around of the fire structure will be required, with the lion's share of attention going to _____. (197)
construction concerns
56
Converted enclosed malls probably pose more problems for a RIT than the newer versions, and _____ is principally at fault for this. (197)
the vast array of construction types
57
The members of the RIT should use _____ SCBA bottles. (198)
1-hour SCBA bottles for extra time
58
If the RIT members are using 1-hour bottles, then the support team should start inward to meet them no more that ______ after the bottles have been activated. (198)
12 minutes
59
On each trip, the support members should take ____. (198)
1 bottle for each member of the RIT as well as bottles for themselves
60
_____ will be required when confronted with an advanced fire during business hours at an enclosed mall. (198)
An EMS branch
61
The officer of the EMS branch will work for _____. (198)
the operations officer
62
The EMS group will be responsible for _____. (198)
establishing triage and treatment for the injured civilians, as well as transportation to medical facilities.
63
Anchor stores in enclosed malls can range from _____ to more than _____. (203 & 310)
50,000 to more than 100,000
64
Very few enclosed malls are protected by automatic sprinkler systems. True or false? (203 & 310)
false (Most)
65
What type of construction is used in most converted malls? (203 & 310)
Ordinary
66
The two biggest factors in estimating the potential for life hazard in an enclosed mall are _____ and _____. (203 & 310)
The time of day and the season
67
Lightweight construction can be expected in new enclosed malls. True or false (203 & 310)
True
68
For the IC, the primary strategic consideration at a fire in an enclosed mall will be _____. (203 & 310)
Life safety
69
The moth to the flame syndrome can have negative effects in fires in enclosed malls. True or False? (203 & 310)
True
70
HVAC systems generally have little positive effect on working structure fires in enclosed malls. True or False? (203 & 310)
False
71
The atrium glass may be effective as a means of ventilation in an enclosed mall. True or false? (203 & 310)
True
72
What are the two constraints as it relates to search in an enclosed mall? (203 & 310)
Staffing and time
73
Generally, one backup crew can cover up to three search teams in a working fire in an enclosed mall. True or false? (203 & 310)
False (1 backup per search)
74
The _____ will have the greatest bearing on the number of search and backup crews needed. (203 & 310)
Size and location of the fire
75
RIT will always stage at the command post at a fire in an enclosed mall. True or false? (203 & 310)
False
76
If available, a _____ SCBA bottle should be used at a fire in an enclosed mall. (203 & 310)
1-hour
77
If many civilians are injured at a fire in an enclosed mall, an EMS under _____ may need to be established. (203 & 310)
Operations

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